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Soldier-Specific Modification of the Mandibular Motor Neurons in Termites
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| Title: | Soldier-Specific Modification of the Mandibular Motor Neurons in Termites |
| Authors: | Ishikawa, Yuki Browse this author | | Aonuma, Hitoshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Miura, Toru Browse this author |
| Issue Date: | 9-Jul-2008 |
| Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
| Journal Title: | PLoS One |
| Volume: | 3 |
| Issue: | 7 |
| Start Page: | e2617 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0002617 |
| Abstract: | Social insects exhibit a variety of caste-specific behavioral tendencies that constitute the basis of division of labor within the colony. In termites, the soldier caste display distinctive defense behaviors, such as aggressively attacking enemies with well-developed mandibles, while the other castes retreat into the colony without exhibiting any aggressive response. It is thus likely that some form of soldier-specific neuronal modification exists in termites. In this study, the authors compared the brain (cerebral ganglion) and the suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) of soldiers and pseudergates (workers) in the damp-wood termite, Hodotermopsis sjostedti. The size of the SOG was significantly larger in soldiers than in pseudergates, but no difference in brain size was apparent between castes. Furthermore, mandibular nerves were thicker in soldiers than in pseudergates. Retrograde staining revealed that the somata sizes of the mandibular motor neurons (MdMNs) in soldiers were more than twice as large as those of pseudergates. The enlargement of MdMNs was also observed in individuals treated with a juvenile hormone analogue (JHA), indicating that MdMNs become enlarged in response to juvenile hormone (JH) action during soldier differentiation. This enlargement is likely to have two functions: a behavioral function in which soldier termites will be able to defend more effectively through relatively faster and stronger mandibular movements, and a developmental function that associates with the development of soldier-specific mandibular muscle morphogenesis in termite head. The soldier-specific enlargement of mandibular motor neurons was observed in all examined species in five termite families that have different mechanisms of defense, suggesting that such neuronal modification was already present in the common ancestor of termites and is significant for soldier function. |
| Rights: | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/ |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/42562 |
| Appears in Collections: | 環境科学院・地球環境科学研究院 (Graduate School of Environmental Science / Faculty of Environmental Earth Science) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 三浦 徹
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