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High doses of ethylene diurea (EDU) are not toxic to willow and act as nitrogen fertilizer
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| Title: | High doses of ethylene diurea (EDU) are not toxic to willow and act as nitrogen fertilizer |
| Authors: | Agathokleous, Evgenios Browse this author | | Paoletti, Elena Browse this author | | Saitanis, Costas J. Browse this author | | Manning, William J. Browse this author | | Shi, Cong Browse this author | | Koike, Takayoshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | Air pollution | | Antiozonant | | C4H10N4O2 | | Ethylenediurea | | N-[-2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl)ethyl]-N'-phenylurea] | | Ozone |
| Issue Date: | 1-Oct-2016 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Journal Title: | Science of the total environment |
| Volume: | 566-567 |
| Start Page: | 841 |
| End Page: | 850 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.122 |
| PMID: | 27259037 |
| Abstract: | Ethylene diurea (EDU) is synthetic chemical which protects plants against damage caused by ground level O-3 and is used experimentally as a biomonitoring tool at doses usually ranging from 200 to 400 mg L-1 a.i. Although several studies have investigated the protective action of EDU, this mechanism remains unclear. Important uncertainties in EDU action are whether EDU acts as a source of nitrogen (N) to plants and whether high doses are phytotoxic. In order to answer these questions, we conducted an open-field experiment where potted willow (Salix sachalinensis Fr. Schm) plants were exposed to ambient O-3 conditions and treated with 0, 800 or 1600 mg L-1 EDU as a soil drench, every nine days, for about 2.5 months. We examined approximately 50 response variables. Based on N content in different plant organs, we found that (a) all EDU was transferred to the leaves and (b) high doses of EDU increased the leaf N content. However, EDU did not affect the C content and distribution within the plant body. Still, even at the highest dose, EDU was not toxic to this fast-growing species (however such a high dose should not be applied in uncontrolled environments); and there was no EDU persistence in the soil, as indicated by soil N content. Notably, our soil was free from organic matter and N-poor. Key message: EDU per se does not cause toxicity to willow plants when applied as drench to a soil with no organic matter, rather, high EDU doses may act as nitrogen fertilizer in a nitrogen-poor soil. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
| Rights: | ©2016. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ | | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| Type: | article (author version) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/71598 |
| Appears in Collections: | 農学院・農学研究院 (Graduate School of Agriculture / Faculty of Agriculture) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 小池 孝良
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