2024-03-29T15:12:51Zhttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace-oai/requestoai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/338832022-11-17T02:08:08Zhdl_2115_20057hdl_2115_148Cluster formation for multi-strain infections with cross-immunityCalvez, V.Korobeinikov, A.Maini, P.K.open accessmathematical modellinginfectious diseasecross-immunityself-organisationclusterMSC=92D30MSC=34D20498Many infectious diseases exist in several pathogenic variants, or strains, which interact via cross-immunity. It is observed that strains tend to self-organise into groups, or clusters. The aim of this paper is to investigate cluster formation. Computations demonstrate that clustering is independent of the model used, and is an intrinsic feature of the strain system itself. We observe that an ordered strain system, if it is su ciently complex, admits several cluster structures of di erent types. Appearance of a particular cluster structure depends on levels of cross-immunity and, in some cases, on initial conditions. Clusters, once formed, are stable, and behave remarkably regularly (in contrast to the generally chaotic behaviour of the strains themselves). In general, clustering is a type of self-organization having many features in common with pattern formation.Academic Press2005-03-07engjournal articleAMhttp://hdl.handle.net/2115/33883http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00225193https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2004.09.0160022-51931095-8541AA00708258Journal of Theoretical Biology23317583https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/33883/1/TBpaper3.pdfapplication/pdf887.14 KB2005-03-07