2024-03-29T13:06:00Zhttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace-oai/requestoai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/677312022-11-17T02:08:08Zhdl_2115_20045hdl_2115_139Genetically distinct genogroup IV norovirus strains identified in wastewaterKitajima, Masaaki0000-0002-3133-5917Rachmadi, Andri T.Iker, Brandon C.Haramoto, EijiGerba, Charles P.open accessThe final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3036-z.NorovirusWastewater treatment plantSeminested PCRGenetic diversityArizona519We investigated the prevalence and genetic diversity of genogroup IV norovirus (GIV NoV) strains in wastewater in Arizona, United States, over a 13-month period. Among 50 wastewater samples tested, GIV NoVs were identified in 13 (26 %) of the samples. A total of 47 different GIV NoV strains were identified, which were classified into two genetically distinct clusters: the GIV.1 human cluster and a unique genetic cluster closely related to strains previously identified in Japanese wastewater. The results provide additional evidence of the considerable genetic diversity among GIV NoV strains through the analysis of wastewater containing virus strains shed from all populations.Springer2016-12engjournal articleAMhttp://hdl.handle.net/2115/67731https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3036-z275864150304-8608Archives of virology1611235213525https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/67731/1/final_Revision_GIV%20NoV%20InaRoger%20WWTP%20Manuscript.pdfapplication/pdf171.75 KB2016-12