2024-03-29T12:33:11Zhttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace-oai/requestoai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/881692023-03-03T17:05:27Zhdl_2115_64361hdl_2115_20055hdl_2115_64360hdl_2115_8527Counterpropagating Gradients of Antibacterial and Antifouling Polymer BrushesKo, YeongunTruong, Vi KhanhWoo, Sun YoungDickey, Michael D.Hsiao, LilianGenzer, Janopen accessThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Biomacromolecules, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/articlesonrequest/AOR-HCKVXUIEBKGDPQV8UUPB.AntifoulingModificationBacteriaPolymersChemical reactions430We report on the formation of counterpropagating density gradients in poly([2-dimethylaminoethyl] methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes featuring spatially varying quaternized and betainized units. Starting with PDMAEMA brushes with constant grafting density and degree of polymerization, we first generate a density gradient of quaternized units by directional vapor reaction involving methyl iodide. The unreacted DMAEMA units are then betainized through gaseous-phase betainization with 1,3-propanesultone. The gas reaction of PDMAEMA with 1,3-propanesultone eliminates the formation of byproducts present during the liquid-phase modification. We use the counterpropagating density gradients of quaternized and betainized PDMAEMA brushes in antibacterial and antifouling studies. Completely quaternized and betainized brushes exhibit antibacterial and antifouling behaviors. Samples containing 12% of quaternized and 85% of betainized units act simultaneously as antibacterial and antifouling surfaces.American Chemical Society2022-01-10engjournal articleAMhttp://hdl.handle.net/2115/88169https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c013861525-7797Biomacromolecules231424430https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/88169/1/Biomacromolecules_23%281%29_424-430.pdfapplication/pdf1.28 MB2022-01-10