2024-03-29T12:18:00Zhttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace-oai/requestoai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/578742022-11-17T02:08:08Zhdl_2115_20040hdl_2115_121Problems in methods for the detection of significant proteinuria in pregnancyYamada, TakahiroKojima, TakashiAkaishi, RinaIshikawa, SatoshiTakeda, MasamitsuKawaguchi, SatoshiNishida, RyutaroMorikawa, MamoruYamada, TakashiMinakami, Hisanoriproteinuriacreatinine in the urineprotein to creatinine ratio490Aim: The aim of this study was to underscore problems associated with the dipstick test and determination of protein concentration alone in spot-urine (P-test) compared with spot-urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/Crtest) and to determine whether urine collection for 24-h test was complete. Material and Methods: Dipstick and P/Cr tests were performed simultaneously in 357 random spot-urine specimens from 145 pregnant women, including 35 with pre-eclampsia. Positive results were defined as 1+ on dipstick test, protein concentration 30 mg/dL on P-test, and P/Cr ratio 0.27 (mg/mg) on P/Cr test. Sixty-four 24-h urine tests (quantification of protein in urine collected during 24 h) were performed in 27 of the 145 women. We assumed that P/Cr ratio 0.27 predicted significant proteinuria (urinary protein 0.3 g/day). The 24-h urine collection was considered incomplete when urinary creatinine excretion was <11.0 mg/kg/day or >25.0 mg/kg/day. Results: Forty-four percent (69/156) of specimens with a positive test result on dipstick test contained protein < 30 mg/dL. Dipstick test was positive for 25.7% (69/269) of specimens with protein < 30 mg/dL and for 28.8% (79/274) of specimens with P/Cr ratio < 0.27. P-test results were positive for 7.3% (20/274) and negative for 18.1% (15/83) of specimens with P/Cr ratio < 0.27 and 0.27, respectively. Incomplete 24-h urine collection occurred in 15.6% (10/64) of 24-h urine tests. Daily urinary creatinine excretion was 702–1397 mg, while creatinine concentration varied from 16 mg/dL to 475 mg/dL in spot-urine specimens. Conclusion: Dipstick test and P-test were likely to over- and underestimate risks of significant proteinuria, respectively. The 24-h urine collection was often incomplete.Blackwell PublishingJournal Articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/2115/57874https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/57874/1/J%20Obstet%20Gynaecol%20Res_40%281%29_161-166.pdf1341-80761447-0756AA11082002Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research4011611662014-01enginfo:pmid/24102664info:doi/10.1111/jog.12148The definitive version is available at Wiley Online Library , www.wileyonlinelibrary.com.author