2024-03-29T13:29:19Zhttps://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace-oai/requestoai:eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp:2115/671322022-11-17T02:08:08Zhdl_2115_20045hdl_2115_139Structural instability of large-scale functional networksMizutaka, ShogoYakubo, Kousuke421We study how large functional networks can grow stably under possible cascading overload failures and evaluated the maximum stable network size above which even a small-scale failure would cause a fatal breakdown of the network. Employing a model of cascading failures induced by temporally fluctuating loads, the maximum stable size nmax has been calculated as a function of the load reduction parameter rthat characterizes how quickly the total load is reduced during the cascade. If we reduce the total load sufficiently fast ( r >= r(c)), the network can grow infinitely. Otherwise, nmax is finite and increases with r. For a fixed r(< r(c)), nmax for a scale-free network is larger than that for an exponential network with the same average degree. We also discuss how one detects and avoids the crisis of a fatal breakdown of the network from the relation between the sizes of the initial network and the largest component after an ordinarily occurring cascading failure.PLOSJournal Articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/2115/67132https://eprints.lib.hokudai.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2115/67132/1/journal.pone.0181247.pdf1932-6203PLoS ONE127e01812472017-07-20enginfo:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0181247https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/publisher