DSpace Community:
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/43244
2024-03-29T04:58:28Z巻頭言
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89016
Title: 巻頭言
Authors: 岩谷, 將2023-03-30T15:00:00Z岩谷, 將国家公務員における民間人材の登用に関する考察 : 登用状況、公務への貢献事例などに着目して
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89015
Title: 国家公務員における民間人材の登用に関する考察 : 登用状況、公務への貢献事例などに着目して
Authors: 山本, 直樹
Abstract: This article surveys the status of the appointment of private sector personnel to national public service and the specific contributions of private sector personnel in the public service workplace, the challenges they face, and the direction of measures to address them. With regard to the status of appointment, the increasing trend of private sector personnel appointment in recent years has been remarkable, as evidenced by the fact that the number of those accepted into national public service without a limitation of period has doubled over the past five years. In this context, based on the results of an interview-based survey of private sector personnel, specific examples of contributions by private sector personnel in the public service workplace were identified under the categories of (1) “knowledge and experience utilization,” (2) “work improvement,” and (3)“network utilization.” The survey also identified significant issues, such as dealing with tasks unique to the public service and responding to the Diet and revisions of the law, and the provision of sufficient information on tasks unique to public service.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z山本, 直樹This article surveys the status of the appointment of private sector personnel to national public service and the specific contributions of private sector personnel in the public service workplace, the challenges they face, and the direction of measures to address them. With regard to the status of appointment, the increasing trend of private sector personnel appointment in recent years has been remarkable, as evidenced by the fact that the number of those accepted into national public service without a limitation of period has doubled over the past five years. In this context, based on the results of an interview-based survey of private sector personnel, specific examples of contributions by private sector personnel in the public service workplace were identified under the categories of (1) “knowledge and experience utilization,” (2) “work improvement,” and (3)“network utilization.” The survey also identified significant issues, such as dealing with tasks unique to the public service and responding to the Diet and revisions of the law, and the provision of sufficient information on tasks unique to public service.沿岸開発と環境問題
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89014
Title: 沿岸開発と環境問題
Authors: 渡部, 要一
Abstract: Many large cities in Japan have been developed on lowland estuaries and coastal reclaimed lands. This article looks back on the history of coastal development in consideration of the natural environment and discusses how government engineers involved in public projects for coastal development have contributed to the promotion of the project. Based on the author's own experience as a researcher at a national research institute, it is discussed how an engineer is playing an active role between project promotion and environmental protection. Specifically, the grand design for the Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) and the Keihin Canal in the Keihin Industrial Zone are studied focusing on the qualities of government engineers who are involved in the projects. In addition, the coastal environment in Okinawa Prefecture, which is fluctuating between project promotion and environmental protection, is also discussed.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z渡部, 要一Many large cities in Japan have been developed on lowland estuaries and coastal reclaimed lands. This article looks back on the history of coastal development in consideration of the natural environment and discusses how government engineers involved in public projects for coastal development have contributed to the promotion of the project. Based on the author's own experience as a researcher at a national research institute, it is discussed how an engineer is playing an active role between project promotion and environmental protection. Specifically, the grand design for the Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport) and the Keihin Canal in the Keihin Industrial Zone are studied focusing on the qualities of government engineers who are involved in the projects. In addition, the coastal environment in Okinawa Prefecture, which is fluctuating between project promotion and environmental protection, is also discussed.SDGsと文理融合の公共政策学
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89013
Title: SDGsと文理融合の公共政策学
Authors: 村上, 裕一
Abstract: This paper first introduces a humanities–science fusion initiative (i.e., lectures on Science, Technology, and Innovation policy, and a case study course on public policies made up of various kinds of expertise) in which I have been engaged at the Hokkaido University Public Policy School. Subsequently, the STI governance structure, the risk assessment/management, and the communication connecting science and politics are discussed to illustrate the significance of trans-disciplinary respectful cooperation. Moreover, I assess the prospects of public policy (studies) in the post-COVID-19 period, after reviewing the history of international development since the United Nations Development Decade in the 1960s, which consequently led to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), as well as the trans-disciplinary trials and errors needed to achieve them. When policy resources are not very abundant, the importance of political decisions (i.e., proper prioritization) and specialized planning (i.e., efficient and effective implementation) involving various stakeholders cannot be stressed enough, and there is a need for global and trans-disciplinary knowledge stocking and sharing to achieve SDGs.
Ambitious SDGs that set and share common major aims will hopefully lead to collaboration, which will in turn give rise to the creation of multi-level partnerships. Universities can contribute to such collaboration through their diligent and steady education and research.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z村上, 裕一This paper first introduces a humanities–science fusion initiative (i.e., lectures on Science, Technology, and Innovation policy, and a case study course on public policies made up of various kinds of expertise) in which I have been engaged at the Hokkaido University Public Policy School. Subsequently, the STI governance structure, the risk assessment/management, and the communication connecting science and politics are discussed to illustrate the significance of trans-disciplinary respectful cooperation. Moreover, I assess the prospects of public policy (studies) in the post-COVID-19 period, after reviewing the history of international development since the United Nations Development Decade in the 1960s, which consequently led to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), as well as the trans-disciplinary trials and errors needed to achieve them. When policy resources are not very abundant, the importance of political decisions (i.e., proper prioritization) and specialized planning (i.e., efficient and effective implementation) involving various stakeholders cannot be stressed enough, and there is a need for global and trans-disciplinary knowledge stocking and sharing to achieve SDGs.
Ambitious SDGs that set and share common major aims will hopefully lead to collaboration, which will in turn give rise to the creation of multi-level partnerships. Universities can contribute to such collaboration through their diligent and steady education and research.2019年北海道市町村議会選挙にみる女性の政治参加:候補者データの分析
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89012
Title: 2019年北海道市町村議会選挙にみる女性の政治参加:候補者データの分析
Authors: 馬場, 香織; リヴィ井手, 弘子
Abstract: In this article, we analyzed data on 1833 candidates who ran for council elections in 2019 in 127 municipalities in Hokkaido to investigate difficulties faced by women in the two phases of “deciding to run for office” and “being elected to office.” We found that more women tend to run as party candidates, which suggests that support from a political party may complement a woman candidate’s lack of family support or resources to run for office. In contrast to the possible importance of receiving support from a political party in the phase of deciding to run for office, belonging to a political party was not found to make a difference in the phase of being elected to office. We also found that female candidates who had never been a councilor were more successful as the number of electoral seats in the district increased. Our study suggests that women are facing difficulties in the phase of deciding to run for office and that environments
in which women run for office differ greatly between cities, towns, and villages.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z馬場, 香織リヴィ井手, 弘子In this article, we analyzed data on 1833 candidates who ran for council elections in 2019 in 127 municipalities in Hokkaido to investigate difficulties faced by women in the two phases of “deciding to run for office” and “being elected to office.” We found that more women tend to run as party candidates, which suggests that support from a political party may complement a woman candidate’s lack of family support or resources to run for office. In contrast to the possible importance of receiving support from a political party in the phase of deciding to run for office, belonging to a political party was not found to make a difference in the phase of being elected to office. We also found that female candidates who had never been a councilor were more successful as the number of electoral seats in the district increased. Our study suggests that women are facing difficulties in the phase of deciding to run for office and that environments
in which women run for office differ greatly between cities, towns, and villages.女性と平和、安全保障:女性と内戦に関する研究動向
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89011
Title: 女性と平和、安全保障:女性と内戦に関する研究動向
Authors: 小野, 純平; 土井, 翔平
Abstract: In 2000, the Security Council of the United Nations adopted resolution 1325, “Women, Peace, and Security,” which explicitly puts women in the context of peace and security for the first time. Reflecting this trend in international society, the research on women and conflict are growing. In this article, we review the recent development in this field, focusing on empirical analysis of women and intrastate conflict. In particular, we found most of the research shed light on two topics: the participation of women and the protection of women.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z小野, 純平土井, 翔平In 2000, the Security Council of the United Nations adopted resolution 1325, “Women, Peace, and Security,” which explicitly puts women in the context of peace and security for the first time. Reflecting this trend in international society, the research on women and conflict are growing. In this article, we review the recent development in this field, focusing on empirical analysis of women and intrastate conflict. In particular, we found most of the research shed light on two topics: the participation of women and the protection of women.北海道における地域医療情報ネットワーク事業の停滞要因と規模の経済性 : 登録患者数の低迷を規定する要因は何か?
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89010
Title: 北海道における地域医療情報ネットワーク事業の停滞要因と規模の経済性 : 登録患者数の低迷を規定する要因は何か?
Authors: 伊藤, 敦; 丹野, 忠晋; 櫻井, 秀彦; 奥村, 貴史
Abstract: Hokkaido faces challenges to the effective implementation of its healthcare infrastructure because of demographic factors such as negative population growth and an aging population, and economic factors, including financial difficulties faced by local governments. Regional healthcare networks have been built to overcome these problems and streamline healthcare delivery. However, the number of registered patients is only 1% of the total population. This study investigated the factors that cause the stagnation of the number of registered patients in the regional healthcare networks in Hokkaido. Our survey identified 46 networks in 21 medical regions. The average ratio of registered patients in Hokkaido was 4.1%, regional healthcare networks in the Sapporo area were dysfunctional. We estimated the factors influencing the ratio.
The ratio of networked medical institutions in the region and the dummy variable for their business size were statistically significant for Hokkaido and for the secondary medical areas, excluding the Sapporo medical area. It follows that the number of registered patients in a network could be determined by the ratio of connected medical institutions and the size of their business. The problems could be overcome by exploiting the economy of scale in the networks. Establishing a prefecture-wide network would increase the number of registered patients and lower the overall cost of the networks.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z伊藤, 敦丹野, 忠晋櫻井, 秀彦奥村, 貴史Hokkaido faces challenges to the effective implementation of its healthcare infrastructure because of demographic factors such as negative population growth and an aging population, and economic factors, including financial difficulties faced by local governments. Regional healthcare networks have been built to overcome these problems and streamline healthcare delivery. However, the number of registered patients is only 1% of the total population. This study investigated the factors that cause the stagnation of the number of registered patients in the regional healthcare networks in Hokkaido. Our survey identified 46 networks in 21 medical regions. The average ratio of registered patients in Hokkaido was 4.1%, regional healthcare networks in the Sapporo area were dysfunctional. We estimated the factors influencing the ratio.
The ratio of networked medical institutions in the region and the dummy variable for their business size were statistically significant for Hokkaido and for the secondary medical areas, excluding the Sapporo medical area. It follows that the number of registered patients in a network could be determined by the ratio of connected medical institutions and the size of their business. The problems could be overcome by exploiting the economy of scale in the networks. Establishing a prefecture-wide network would increase the number of registered patients and lower the overall cost of the networks.「道の駅」の持続可能性が高まるガバナンス : 北海道の場合
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89009
Title: 「道の駅」の持続可能性が高まるガバナンス : 北海道の場合
Authors: 米田, 夏輝
Abstract: This paper aims to identify what type of governance makes a Michi-no-Eki, a roadside station, sustainable. The analysis focuses on cases in Hokkaido. The “Governance” index in this paper is defined as: who is involved in each phase of the planning, construction, management, and operation of a roadside station; how are they involved; and to what extent. Since a “sustainability” index and a suitable and sufficient dataset of roadside stations were not found in the existing literature, the Hokkaido Jaran Ranking is used. Using this customer satisfaction ranking created by a local publisher as a reference, the “sustainability” index in this paper is modified by also adding my subjective but relative evaluation of all the roadside stations in Hokkaido that I visited. The study results indicate that in the planning phase, the involvement of more stakeholders from the surrounding areas is beneficial if the local government actively promotes and supports the process. In the management and operation phase, it is helpful to involve private companies that are well-experienced in roadside station management or influential local enterprises. A stable and trustworthy operator also enhances sustainability.2023-03-30T15:00:00Z米田, 夏輝This paper aims to identify what type of governance makes a Michi-no-Eki, a roadside station, sustainable. The analysis focuses on cases in Hokkaido. The “Governance” index in this paper is defined as: who is involved in each phase of the planning, construction, management, and operation of a roadside station; how are they involved; and to what extent. Since a “sustainability” index and a suitable and sufficient dataset of roadside stations were not found in the existing literature, the Hokkaido Jaran Ranking is used. Using this customer satisfaction ranking created by a local publisher as a reference, the “sustainability” index in this paper is modified by also adding my subjective but relative evaluation of all the roadside stations in Hokkaido that I visited. The study results indicate that in the planning phase, the involvement of more stakeholders from the surrounding areas is beneficial if the local government actively promotes and supports the process. In the management and operation phase, it is helpful to involve private companies that are well-experienced in roadside station management or influential local enterprises. A stable and trustworthy operator also enhances sustainability.HOPS2022 地方議員並びに地方公務員向けサマースクールの開催について
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89008
Title: HOPS2022 地方議員並びに地方公務員向けサマースクールの開催について
Authors: 中尾, 文子2023-03-30T15:00:00Z中尾, 文子特別講座「中国を読み解く : 日中関係の現状と展望」
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89007
Title: 特別講座「中国を読み解く : 日中関係の現状と展望」
Authors: 岩谷, 將2023-03-30T15:00:00Z岩谷, 將