DSpace Collection: 2017-09
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67329
2017-092024-03-28T11:34:22ZThe ICDAS (International Caries Detection & Assessment System) : a new set of caries assessment criteria
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67359
Title: The ICDAS (International Caries Detection & Assessment System) : a new set of caries assessment criteria
Authors: Kanehira, Takashi; Takehara, Junji; Nakamura, Kimiya; Hongo, Hirohisa; Miyake, Ryo; Takahashi, Dairo
Abstract: A dental examination is a service performed by dentists in daily clinical practice. This is also performed as part of a group of dental examinations, such as school dental examinations and community health examinations. The Japan Association of School Dentists (JASD) criteria has been used for assessing dental caries in these examinations. These criteria evaluate caries on a scale of C1-C4. In an era when dental caries are pervasive, these criteria are useful. The application of fluoride has become a widespread practice for preventing dental caries in developed countries. The decrease in the incidence of dental caries in younger patients and the reduction in the progression of dental caries is attributed to these developments. The mean number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth among persons aged 12 in Japan is 0.84 (School Health Statistics in 2016), and an increasing number of persons have never experienced dental caries prior to adulthood. Therefore, the JASD caries diagnostic criteria are in need of an update. In response to this situation, caries researchers in the United States and other western countries, along with general clinicians proposed a new dental caries assessment system. This is in order to accurately assess white spots on the surface of the enamel, staining of pits and fissures, and early carious lesions that do not require dental restoration. This system which was named the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) is used to detect caries and assess their activity. In this paper we will discuss this new system.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZKanehira, TakashiTakehara, JunjiNakamura, KimiyaHongo, HirohisaMiyake, RyoTakahashi, DairoA dental examination is a service performed by dentists in daily clinical practice. This is also performed as part of a group of dental examinations, such as school dental examinations and community health examinations. The Japan Association of School Dentists (JASD) criteria has been used for assessing dental caries in these examinations. These criteria evaluate caries on a scale of C1-C4. In an era when dental caries are pervasive, these criteria are useful. The application of fluoride has become a widespread practice for preventing dental caries in developed countries. The decrease in the incidence of dental caries in younger patients and the reduction in the progression of dental caries is attributed to these developments. The mean number of decayed, missing, or filled teeth among persons aged 12 in Japan is 0.84 (School Health Statistics in 2016), and an increasing number of persons have never experienced dental caries prior to adulthood. Therefore, the JASD caries diagnostic criteria are in need of an update. In response to this situation, caries researchers in the United States and other western countries, along with general clinicians proposed a new dental caries assessment system. This is in order to accurately assess white spots on the surface of the enamel, staining of pits and fissures, and early carious lesions that do not require dental restoration. This system which was named the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) is used to detect caries and assess their activity. In this paper we will discuss this new system.Evaluation of recovery after intravenous sedation
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67358
Title: Evaluation of recovery after intravenous sedation
Authors: Shibuya, Makiko; Fujisawa, Toshiaki
Abstract: The Intravenous Sedation (IVS) Guideline Working Group of the Japanese Dental Society of Anesthesiology (JDSA) formulated guidelines for intravenous conscious sedation in dentistry. These guidelines were then published on the website of the JDSA in October 2009. These guidelines were developed in accordance with the “MINDS Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development 2007” published by the Medical Information Network Distribution Service (MINDS), and were listed on the MINDS Website in February 2011. One of the authors participated in the planning of these guidelines and was responsible for the section on recovery period. The revised version has been published on the website of the JDSA in May 2017. In this review, the following three issues are explained : 1) basic points of view with regard to the recovery process after IVS ; 2) influence of aging on the physiological and pharmacological function and points of attention regarding IVS management in elderly patients ; and, 3) comparison results of recovery criteria among IVS and/or general anesthesia guidelines of domestic and international academic societies.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZShibuya, MakikoFujisawa, ToshiakiThe Intravenous Sedation (IVS) Guideline Working Group of the Japanese Dental Society of Anesthesiology (JDSA) formulated guidelines for intravenous conscious sedation in dentistry. These guidelines were then published on the website of the JDSA in October 2009. These guidelines were developed in accordance with the “MINDS Handbook for Clinical Practice Guideline Development 2007” published by the Medical Information Network Distribution Service (MINDS), and were listed on the MINDS Website in February 2011. One of the authors participated in the planning of these guidelines and was responsible for the section on recovery period. The revised version has been published on the website of the JDSA in May 2017. In this review, the following three issues are explained : 1) basic points of view with regard to the recovery process after IVS ; 2) influence of aging on the physiological and pharmacological function and points of attention regarding IVS management in elderly patients ; and, 3) comparison results of recovery criteria among IVS and/or general anesthesia guidelines of domestic and international academic societies.Bruxism : Association to jaw-muscle pain
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67357
Title: Bruxism : Association to jaw-muscle pain
Authors: Arima, Taro
Abstract: Jaw-muscle pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has traditionally been linked to hyperactivity or abnormal contraction of masticatory muscles such as “bruxism”. A frequent clinical observation has been that many patients with TMD exhibit a tendency to clench or grind their teeth during sleep. It has been considered for a long time that unaccustomed or abnormal contractions of the muscles causes this pain, and once the pain had developed, it causes more muscle hyperactivity, setting up a vicious cycle. However, this theory has not been clarified scientifically and the relationship between various types of orofacial motor activity and TMD is still unclear. This review will discuss the association between bruxism and jaw-muscle pain. All data is based on narrative evidence. The results showed that jaw-muscle activity would evoke significant levels of pain but it is not as prolonged as other temporomandibular disorders.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZArima, TaroJaw-muscle pain associated with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has traditionally been linked to hyperactivity or abnormal contraction of masticatory muscles such as “bruxism”. A frequent clinical observation has been that many patients with TMD exhibit a tendency to clench or grind their teeth during sleep. It has been considered for a long time that unaccustomed or abnormal contractions of the muscles causes this pain, and once the pain had developed, it causes more muscle hyperactivity, setting up a vicious cycle. However, this theory has not been clarified scientifically and the relationship between various types of orofacial motor activity and TMD is still unclear. This review will discuss the association between bruxism and jaw-muscle pain. All data is based on narrative evidence. The results showed that jaw-muscle activity would evoke significant levels of pain but it is not as prolonged as other temporomandibular disorders.Current international consensus on burning mouth syndrome : systematic review of recent review articles
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67356
Title: Current international consensus on burning mouth syndrome : systematic review of recent review articles
Authors: Sato, Jun; Kitagawa, Yoshimasa; Asaka, Takuya; Ohga, Noritaka; Yamashita, Emi; Nakamura, Yusuke; Satoh, Chiharu
Abstract: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a type of chronic orofacial pain, which is difficult to diagnose and treat. Patients suffer from BMS worldwide. The pathophysiology of this disorder is not fully understood. This study looked at recent review articles about the classifications, diagnosis and pathophysiology of BMS. PubMed/MEDLINE and WEB of SCIENCE® databases were reviewed to identify articles about BMS, written in English from 2010 to May 2017. Eighteen review articles about BMS were identified, including six systematic reviews, 11 narrative reviews, and one meta-analysis. The most frequently cited classification system for BMS was the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD). Fourteen of the 18 articles (78%) subtyped BMS as primary and secondary BMS, and 16 (89%) of the 18 articles revealed that the main pathophysiology of BMS was pain of neuropathic origin. A review and meta-analysis clearly demonstrated significant relationships between psychological factors and BMS. BMS is most frequently subtyped as primary and secondary. Pain in BMS is regarded as of neuropathic origin, although its etiology may be multifactorial. This paper will discuss these findings and a summary of the reviews will be presented.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZSato, JunKitagawa, YoshimasaAsaka, TakuyaOhga, NoritakaYamashita, EmiNakamura, YusukeSatoh, ChiharuBurning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a type of chronic orofacial pain, which is difficult to diagnose and treat. Patients suffer from BMS worldwide. The pathophysiology of this disorder is not fully understood. This study looked at recent review articles about the classifications, diagnosis and pathophysiology of BMS. PubMed/MEDLINE and WEB of SCIENCE® databases were reviewed to identify articles about BMS, written in English from 2010 to May 2017. Eighteen review articles about BMS were identified, including six systematic reviews, 11 narrative reviews, and one meta-analysis. The most frequently cited classification system for BMS was the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD). Fourteen of the 18 articles (78%) subtyped BMS as primary and secondary BMS, and 16 (89%) of the 18 articles revealed that the main pathophysiology of BMS was pain of neuropathic origin. A review and meta-analysis clearly demonstrated significant relationships between psychological factors and BMS. BMS is most frequently subtyped as primary and secondary. Pain in BMS is regarded as of neuropathic origin, although its etiology may be multifactorial. This paper will discuss these findings and a summary of the reviews will be presented.Therapeutic strategies for etiologies in the oral and maxillofacial regions
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67355
Title: Therapeutic strategies for etiologies in the oral and maxillofacial regions
Authors: Tei, Kanchu; Ohiro, Yoichi; Matsusita, Kazuhiro; Matsuzawa, Yusuke; Satoh, Kazuyo; Yamada, Tamaki
Abstract: In this paper we describe our strategies for treatment of oral cancer, jaw deformity, and odontogenic tumors. Details of the strategy for cleft palate is introduced in a separate report, by Professor Mikoya. Newly applied strategies for patients with post-surgical swallowing dysfunction and dentoalveolar surgery are also introduced. Oral cancer, jaw deformity, cleft, and odontogenic tumors are the main etiologies in the oral and maxillofacial region. Early stages of oral cancer (StageI and StageII) are mainly treated with surgery or radiotherapy alone, and the 5-year survival rate is 80 to 90%. With advanced oral cancer (StageIII and StageIV) a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy with or without surgery is the norm, but the 5-year survival rate is below 50% overall. Therefore, there is a need for an effective combination of therapies for advanced oral squamous cell carcinomas. The treatment goal for jaw deformities is to achieve a functional and desirable occlusion. To achieve desirable occlusion, treatment by the team approach is introduced, it includes oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, and prosthodontists. A unique method, termed the “Dredging Method” is used in the treatment strategies of odontogenic tumors. The method was introduced to remove all of the tumor and restore the form and function of the jaw through bone generation. The Dredging Method involves four steps: Deflation, Enucleation, Dredging, and Follow up. Tooth autotransplantation in our department stands out in comparison with other facilities in the field of dentoalveolar surgery. The annual number of cases exceeds 150, and up to December of 2015 the total number of cases reached 1,100. The 5-year survival rate for cases with transplanted third molars to the molar region is 86%. Post-surgical swallowing dysfunction is strongly dependent on the extent of the surgery and type of reconstruction. Here, post-surgical swallowing dysfunction can be accurately predicted prior to the surgery, and to develop plans for individual rehabilitation programs to overcome post-surgical swallowing dysfunction is crucial.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZTei, KanchuOhiro, YoichiMatsusita, KazuhiroMatsuzawa, YusukeSatoh, KazuyoYamada, TamakiIn this paper we describe our strategies for treatment of oral cancer, jaw deformity, and odontogenic tumors. Details of the strategy for cleft palate is introduced in a separate report, by Professor Mikoya. Newly applied strategies for patients with post-surgical swallowing dysfunction and dentoalveolar surgery are also introduced. Oral cancer, jaw deformity, cleft, and odontogenic tumors are the main etiologies in the oral and maxillofacial region. Early stages of oral cancer (StageI and StageII) are mainly treated with surgery or radiotherapy alone, and the 5-year survival rate is 80 to 90%. With advanced oral cancer (StageIII and StageIV) a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy with or without surgery is the norm, but the 5-year survival rate is below 50% overall. Therefore, there is a need for an effective combination of therapies for advanced oral squamous cell carcinomas. The treatment goal for jaw deformities is to achieve a functional and desirable occlusion. To achieve desirable occlusion, treatment by the team approach is introduced, it includes oral and maxillofacial surgeons, orthodontists, and prosthodontists. A unique method, termed the “Dredging Method” is used in the treatment strategies of odontogenic tumors. The method was introduced to remove all of the tumor and restore the form and function of the jaw through bone generation. The Dredging Method involves four steps: Deflation, Enucleation, Dredging, and Follow up. Tooth autotransplantation in our department stands out in comparison with other facilities in the field of dentoalveolar surgery. The annual number of cases exceeds 150, and up to December of 2015 the total number of cases reached 1,100. The 5-year survival rate for cases with transplanted third molars to the molar region is 86%. Post-surgical swallowing dysfunction is strongly dependent on the extent of the surgery and type of reconstruction. Here, post-surgical swallowing dysfunction can be accurately predicted prior to the surgery, and to develop plans for individual rehabilitation programs to overcome post-surgical swallowing dysfunction is crucial.Development of a technical aid for occlusal adjustment during dental treatment under general anesthesia
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67354
Title: Development of a technical aid for occlusal adjustment during dental treatment under general anesthesia
Authors: Kobayashi, Kunihiko; Okada, Kazutaka; Ozaki, Kimiya; Yamazaki, Yutaka; Notani, Kenji; Inoue, Nobuo
Abstract: General anesthesia can increase the volume of the tongue. A large tongue between the upper and lower teeth may be a serious obstacle, especially for tapping during occlusal adjustments in prosthetic treatment. We developed a tongue retractor to eliminate interference by the tongue. This study assesses the effect of the tongue retractor on occlusal adjustment time and describes two patients in which the tongue retractor was used. Methods The study involved five patients and two dentists. Measurements were performed during occlusal adjustment of the molars. The time from when the dentist took hold of the articulating paper to the first tap was compared in situations with and without the tongue retractor. Results The mean occlusal adjustment time was significantly shorter (p <0.05) than without the tongue retractor for both dentist A and B in all patients. Conclusion Use of the tongue retractor considerably shortened occlusal adjustment times under general anesthesia. Clinical reports We have been using the tongue retractor in clinical practice for 7 years. Two individual patients are described. One was a 34-year-old woman with cerebral palsy who underwent full mouth reconstruction, consisting of prosthetic appliances (full cast crown and resin facing crown) for 26 teeth. The second was a 29-year-old man with Down’s syndrome who underwent adjustment of mandibular position by prosthetic treatment of molars.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZKobayashi, KunihikoOkada, KazutakaOzaki, KimiyaYamazaki, YutakaNotani, KenjiInoue, NobuoGeneral anesthesia can increase the volume of the tongue. A large tongue between the upper and lower teeth may be a serious obstacle, especially for tapping during occlusal adjustments in prosthetic treatment. We developed a tongue retractor to eliminate interference by the tongue. This study assesses the effect of the tongue retractor on occlusal adjustment time and describes two patients in which the tongue retractor was used. Methods The study involved five patients and two dentists. Measurements were performed during occlusal adjustment of the molars. The time from when the dentist took hold of the articulating paper to the first tap was compared in situations with and without the tongue retractor. Results The mean occlusal adjustment time was significantly shorter (p <0.05) than without the tongue retractor for both dentist A and B in all patients. Conclusion Use of the tongue retractor considerably shortened occlusal adjustment times under general anesthesia. Clinical reports We have been using the tongue retractor in clinical practice for 7 years. Two individual patients are described. One was a 34-year-old woman with cerebral palsy who underwent full mouth reconstruction, consisting of prosthetic appliances (full cast crown and resin facing crown) for 26 teeth. The second was a 29-year-old man with Down’s syndrome who underwent adjustment of mandibular position by prosthetic treatment of molars.Long term follow up of prosthetic treatment for cleft lip and palate patients in Hokkaido University Hospital
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67353
Title: Long term follow up of prosthetic treatment for cleft lip and palate patients in Hokkaido University Hospital
Authors: Iida, Shunji
Abstract: Cleft lip and palate patients need various approaches and treatments. At Hokkaido University Hospital, medical, dental, para medical, and para dental specialists have a team approach, and worked with cleft lip and palate patients since 1990. Moreover, final treatment of cleft lip and palate are usually prosthetic which should be stable and function in their oral space for long periods of time. This is usually with good prognosis. This study investigated the past 23 years of prosthetic treatments and analyzed their effectiveness. This long term follow up revealed that the availability of metal retainers, or bridge work prevented post-orthodontic relapse.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZIida, ShunjiCleft lip and palate patients need various approaches and treatments. At Hokkaido University Hospital, medical, dental, para medical, and para dental specialists have a team approach, and worked with cleft lip and palate patients since 1990. Moreover, final treatment of cleft lip and palate are usually prosthetic which should be stable and function in their oral space for long periods of time. This is usually with good prognosis. This study investigated the past 23 years of prosthetic treatments and analyzed their effectiveness. This long term follow up revealed that the availability of metal retainers, or bridge work prevented post-orthodontic relapse.Application of poly CDME (PCDME) gel to the palatal plate
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67352
Title: Application of poly CDME (PCDME) gel to the palatal plate
Authors: Kaneko, Tomoo; Mikoya, Tadashi
Abstract: In some patients with cleft lip and palate, the palatal cleft is wide and three-dimensionally deformed at birth. This can result in difficulty in sucking, which subsequently causes poor weight and development. The resin-based palatal plate for patients is maintained in position with retentive components such as a ball clasp and Adams clasp. In this study, we report on our experience conducting research and developing a palatal plate that consists of PCDME [Poly-N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethanaminium] gel adhered to a polycarbonate frame. The gel is viscous and adheres to the mucosa, thereby maintaining the plate. Moreover, there are no retentive components, such as clasps for attachment and detachment ; therefore, it can been worn with a comfortable fitting, i.e ., tight and with sufficient pressure. If this device is put to practical use, the burden on patients with cleft palate could be reduced considerably.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZKaneko, TomooMikoya, TadashiIn some patients with cleft lip and palate, the palatal cleft is wide and three-dimensionally deformed at birth. This can result in difficulty in sucking, which subsequently causes poor weight and development. The resin-based palatal plate for patients is maintained in position with retentive components such as a ball clasp and Adams clasp. In this study, we report on our experience conducting research and developing a palatal plate that consists of PCDME [Poly-N-(carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-(methacryloyloxy) ethanaminium] gel adhered to a polycarbonate frame. The gel is viscous and adheres to the mucosa, thereby maintaining the plate. Moreover, there are no retentive components, such as clasps for attachment and detachment ; therefore, it can been worn with a comfortable fitting, i.e ., tight and with sufficient pressure. If this device is put to practical use, the burden on patients with cleft palate could be reduced considerably.Lip incompetence and myofunctional therapy
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67351
Title: Lip incompetence and myofunctional therapy
Authors: Iida, Junichiro; Kaneko, Tomoo; Nakanishi (Ohtsuka), Mai; Yoshizawa, Saori; Yamamoto, Takaaki; Sato, Yoshiaki
Abstract: Lip incompetence, which is a state in which the upper and lower lips are constantly apart, is thought to induce mouth breathing that may result in the development of gingivitis and periodontal disease. In the orthodontic field, lip incompetence has major problems for diagnosis, when determining the treatment goal and at the time of retention. We have been performing studies on lip incompetence and have obtained the following results : (1) it is possible to predict to some extent the state of lip closure during sleep by examination only in an awake state, (2) anterior teeth are positioned forward in individuals with lip incompetence, and (3) a training method called Button Pull is effective as a myofunctional therapy for improving lip incompetence, but there remains a need to clarify the background.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZIida, JunichiroKaneko, TomooNakanishi (Ohtsuka), MaiYoshizawa, SaoriYamamoto, TakaakiSato, YoshiakiLip incompetence, which is a state in which the upper and lower lips are constantly apart, is thought to induce mouth breathing that may result in the development of gingivitis and periodontal disease. In the orthodontic field, lip incompetence has major problems for diagnosis, when determining the treatment goal and at the time of retention. We have been performing studies on lip incompetence and have obtained the following results : (1) it is possible to predict to some extent the state of lip closure during sleep by examination only in an awake state, (2) anterior teeth are positioned forward in individuals with lip incompetence, and (3) a training method called Button Pull is effective as a myofunctional therapy for improving lip incompetence, but there remains a need to clarify the background.Root canal treatment of traumatized permanent teeth with external root resorption
http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67350
Title: Root canal treatment of traumatized permanent teeth with external root resorption
Authors: Yawaka, Yasutaka; Toyota, Yuki; Hisada, Akina; Maeda, Ayako; Inoue, Shohei; Yoshihara, Toshihiro
Abstract: External root resorption is an important challenge in the preservation of traumatized teeth. External root resorption is observed in cases of replanted teeth from dental trauma. Root canal dressing containing calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is one recommended clinical approach for external root resorption treatment. However, complete control of external resorption may not be possible due to certain factors, such as the smear layer, which is formed by reaming and filing during root canal treatments. The smear layer plugs dentinal tubules and inhibits the effects of Ca(OH)2 as a root canal dressing material. Our study showed that root canal irrigation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with an ultrasonic device is the most effective method to remove the smear layer. Additionally, we observed an alkaline environment at the outer root surface due to ion diffusion from Ca(OH)2 following this treatment. As a result, the combined use of EDTA and NaOCl with an ultrasonic device for root canal irrigation led to good control of external root resorption.2017-08-31T15:00:00ZYawaka, YasutakaToyota, YukiHisada, AkinaMaeda, AyakoInoue, ShoheiYoshihara, ToshihiroExternal root resorption is an important challenge in the preservation of traumatized teeth. External root resorption is observed in cases of replanted teeth from dental trauma. Root canal dressing containing calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is one recommended clinical approach for external root resorption treatment. However, complete control of external resorption may not be possible due to certain factors, such as the smear layer, which is formed by reaming and filing during root canal treatments. The smear layer plugs dentinal tubules and inhibits the effects of Ca(OH)2 as a root canal dressing material. Our study showed that root canal irrigation with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with an ultrasonic device is the most effective method to remove the smear layer. Additionally, we observed an alkaline environment at the outer root surface due to ion diffusion from Ca(OH)2 following this treatment. As a result, the combined use of EDTA and NaOCl with an ultrasonic device for root canal irrigation led to good control of external root resorption.