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Cultural Differences in Strength of Conformity Explained Through Pathogen Stress : A Statistical Test Using Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation
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| Title: | Cultural Differences in Strength of Conformity Explained Through Pathogen Stress : A Statistical Test Using Hierarchical Bayesian Estimation |
| Authors: | Horita, Yutaka Browse this author | | Takezawa, Masanori Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | collectivism | | conformity | | pathogen stress | | institution | | Galton's problem | | hierarchical model | | Bayesian estimation |
| Issue Date: | 11-Oct-2018 |
| Publisher: | Frontiers |
| Journal Title: | Frontiers in Psychology |
| Volume: | 9 |
| Start Page: | 1921 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01921 |
| Abstract: | The severity of the environment has been found to have played a selective pressure in the development of human behavior and psychology, and the historical prevalence of pathogens relate to cultural differences in group-oriented psychological mechanisms, such as collectivism and conformity to the in-group. However, previous studies have also proposed that the effectiveness of institutions, rather than pathogen stress, can account for regional variation in group-oriented psychological mechanisms. Moreover, previous studies using nations as units of analysis may have suffered from a problem of statistical non-independence, namely, Galton's problem. The present study tested whether or not regional variation in pathogen stress, rather than government effectiveness, affected collectivism and conformity to social norms by adjusting the effect of global regions using hierarchical Bayesian estimation. We found that the overall effect of pathogen stress remained significant in only one out of the four indices of the regional variability of conformity, and the effects of the government effectiveness also disappeared. Instead, we found that significant effects of both pathogen stress and government effectiveness in specific regions of the world, but these effects were not stable across the measurements. These results indicate that both the effects of pathogen stress and government effectiveness need further reevaluation. |
| Rights: | © 2018 Horita and Takezawa. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. | | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/71906 |
| Appears in Collections: | 文学院・文学研究院 (Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences / Faculty of Humanities and Human Sciences) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 竹澤 正哲
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