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Appearance and Disappearance of Quasi-Liquid Layers on Ice Crystals in the Presence of Nitric Acid Gas
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| Title: | Appearance and Disappearance of Quasi-Liquid Layers on Ice Crystals in the Presence of Nitric Acid Gas |
| Authors: | Nagashima, Ken Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Maurais, Josee Browse this author | | Murata, Ken-ichiro Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Furukawa, Yoshinori Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Ayotte, Patrick Browse this author | | Sazaki, Gen Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | ice crystals | | quasi-liquid layer | | nitric acid gas | | optical microscopy |
| Issue Date: | Feb-2020 |
| Publisher: | MDPI |
| Journal Title: | Crystals |
| Volume: | 10 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| Start Page: | 72 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.3390/cryst10020072 |
| Abstract: | The surfaces of ice crystals near the melting point are covered with thin liquid water layers, called quasi-liquid layers (QLLs), which play crucial roles in various chemical reactions in nature. So far, there have been many spectroscopic studies of such chemical reactions on ice surfaces, however, revealing the effects of atmospheric gases on ice surfaces remains an experimental challenge. In this study, we chose HNO3 as a model atmospheric gas, and directly observed the ice basal faces by advanced optical microscopy under partial pressure of HNO3 (similar to 10(-4) Pa), relevant to those found in the atmosphere. We found that droplets (HNO3-QLLs) appeared on ice surfaces at temperatures ranging from -0.9 to -0.2 degrees C with an increase in temperature, and that they disappeared at temperatures ranging from -0.6 to -1.3 degrees C with decreasing temperature. We also found that the size of the HNO3-QLLs decreased immediately after we started reducing the temperature. From the changes in size and the liquid-solid phase diagram of the HNO3-H2O binary system, we concluded that the HNO3-QLLs did not consist of pure water, but rather aqueous HNO3 solutions, and that the temperature and HNO3 concentration of the HNO3-QLLs also coincided with those along a liquidus line. |
| Rights: | © 2020 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License. | | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/77970 |
| Appears in Collections: | 低温科学研究所 (Institute of Low Temperature Science) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 長嶋 剣
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