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育児期共働き夫妻の役割関係 : 家庭役割が妻に偏るカップルの調整プロセスにみる
孫, 詩彧
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/83805
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.139.111
KEYWORDS : 役割関係;調整プロセス;夫妻のペアデータ;偏る分担;Role-relationships;Coordination process;Paired data of couple;Biased division of domestic labour
Abstract
共働きであっても，夫と妻がそれぞれ稼得と家庭役割に力点を置き，いわゆる家事育児が妻に偏る「不平等」な形で役割分担をしているカップルが多い。本研究はこのパターンのカップルに焦点を当てて，分担を調整するプロセスにおいて示された夫妻の役割関係を検討した。その結果，次のことが分かった。まず，「妻が家族の活動を手助けする存在」という従来の研究が示した夫妻の役割関係に加え，「夫が妻をサポートする」側面を明らかにした。これはミクロレベルのジェンダー秩序を揺らがせ，夫妻間の動態的な調整を可能にする基盤として捉えられる。ところがこの役割関係は，夫妻のみで家庭を営む場合に成り立つものであり，この関係を維持するため祖父母など外部の協力と距離を保つ必要がある。この限界によってマクロのジェンダー構造を変えるのに不十分で，ジェンダー家族の脆弱性をも露呈させている。
Many couples who have dual employment have an “unequal” division of labour, in which the husbands focus on earnings and while the housework and childcare are biased in favor of the wives. This study examines the role relationships exhibited by couples with this pattern in the process of coordinating the division of labor. The findings are as follows. In addition to the role relationship between husbands and wives, in which “the wife is the one who helps with family activities”, “the husband supports the wife” aspect was clarified. This can be seen as a basis for fluctuating the gender order at the micro level and allowing for dynamic coordination between husbands and wives. However, this role relationship can be established when only the husband and wife run the household. In order to maintain this role relationship, it is necessary to keep a distance from outside help, such as grandparents. This limitation makes it insufficient to change the macro gender structure and also exposes the vulnerability of gendered families.
Many couples who have dual employment have an “unequal” division of labour, in which the husbands focus on earnings and while the housework and childcare are biased in favor of the wives. This study examines the role relationships exhibited by couples with this pattern in the process of coordinating the division of labor. The findings are as follows. In addition to the role relationship between husbands and wives, in which “the wife is the one who helps with family activities”, “the husband supports the wife” aspect was clarified. This can be seen as a basis for fluctuating the gender order at the micro level and allowing for dynamic coordination between husbands and wives. However, this role relationship can be established when only the husband and wife run the household. In order to maintain this role relationship, it is necessary to keep a distance from outside help, such as grandparents. This limitation makes it insufficient to change the macro gender structure and also exposes the vulnerability of gendered families.
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