南極の赤雪:微生物生態系の実体
福井, 学
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49066
KEYWORDS : 南極;赤雪;微生物群集;Antarctica;Red snow;Microbial Community
Abstract
本稿では, 南極で観察される赤雪を微生物生態系として捉えて概説する. 藻類を主体とする赤雪現象においては, 緑藻類とともに藻類による光合成産物を利用する好冷性ないし耐冷性の従属栄養細菌からなる系が成立している. 一方, 東南極テイラー氷河で発見された『血の滝』と呼ばれる現象においては, 氷床下湖ブライン中で硫黄サイクルと鉄の酸化過程を伴った微生物生態系が成立している.
This article outlines two types of microbial ecosystems associated with red snow in Antarctica. One is blooming by astaxanthin-producing green algae which supply their photosynthesis products to psychrophilic and/or psychrotolerant heterotrophic microorganisms. Another is “Blood fall”by oxidized iron as the result of microbial reaction coupled with a catalytic sulfur cycle yielding a subglacial ferrous brine beneath Taylor Glaier, an outlet glacie of the East Antactic Ice Sheet.
This article outlines two types of microbial ecosystems associated with red snow in Antarctica. One is blooming by astaxanthin-producing green algae which supply their photosynthesis products to psychrophilic and/or psychrotolerant heterotrophic microorganisms. Another is “Blood fall”by oxidized iron as the result of microbial reaction coupled with a catalytic sulfur cycle yielding a subglacial ferrous brine beneath Taylor Glaier, an outlet glacie of the East Antactic Ice Sheet.
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