Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/53818

JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.119.69

KEYWORDS : 公衆衛生;近代的個人;人権;宗教改革;科学革命;Public health;individual;human rights;Reformation;Scientific Revolution

Public health has been the foundation to the development of modern civil society, where humanlife and health qualify as fundamental human rights. Both individual and science are importantkeywords for understanding the process of building citizenship in modern society；they areassociated with Reformation and Scientific Revolution, which have played pivotal roles in theformation of individualism and scientific epistemology. Calvinists, more than Lutherans, developedindividualism by their self-assurance based on religious doctrines, and attempted at changingsociety through religious struggles based on the ideology of so cial justice. Simultaneously, ScientificRevolution, along with Reformation, upset Catholic authority in terms of certain paradigm shifts,such as a sun-centered solar system and the human anatomy. Both of these revolutionary changesinteracted philosophically to build modern citizenship based on epistemological transformations.Society found out natural right of public, who became convinced in the human right that “everysingle human life should be preserved,” which motivated the modern social movement on publichealth.