FONT SIZE:
SKYNET における雲・エアロゾルの観測と課題
高村, 民雄
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/55025
Abstract
エアロゾルや雲の放射影響評価を地上観測によって明らかにする目的で, SKYNETが構築された. SKYNETは, 観測ネットワークをベースとした, 観測データ及び解析結果の共有, 観測・解析手法の開発などを行うオープン研究コミュニティである. 基幹機材であるスカイラジオメータ（POM-01, POM-02）の観測・解析を中心に, SKYNETではデータ品質の統一と向上を図るための努力が, 観測・解析の両面で行われている. SKYNETで観測されるエアロゾルは, それぞれの地域の特徴としてまとめられると同時に, 衛星によるエアロゾルプロダクトの検証にも利用され, その一例を示した. こうした研究では, 衛星データ解析による幾つかの仮定の妥当性が検証され, アルゴリズムの改善に役立てられる. SKYNETの重要拠点では, ライダーを利用した鉛直分布計測や散乱計, 吸収計を利用した直接サンプリングも並行して行われている. こうした多様なデータは, 複合的な解析を通してより精確な描像を得るのに有用である. SKYNETによる地上からの雲計測は, スカイラジオメータ（POM-02）を主として, その他に雲カメラ, マイクロ波放射計などが重要拠点で実施されている. 雲計測のポイントは雲の非均質性にあり, 新しい観測・解析手法を含めて, 放射影響評価のための努力がなされている.
The SKYNET is an open research network for observation to estimate the radiative effects of aerosol and cloud in the atmosphere. The research community can share the observed data and the analyzed results in the SKYNET as well as these methods, and has been making efforts to improve the data quality in terms of observation and analysis. Aerosol parameters derived in the SKYNET activities are compiled as optical features in each region, and also utilized for the validation of satellite products. An example is shown in the satellite validation to improve the retrieval algorithm. In-situ sampling instruments such as a nephelometer, absorption meter, etc are operated as well as a lidar to get an aerosol vertical profile in several super sites of the SKYNET. Through the comprehensive analysis of these data, the understanding of the optical characteristics of aerosols makes progress. Cloud observation in the SKYNET is also performed using a sky radiometer (POM-02) mainly, and in addition, a sky-viewing camera, a microwave radiometer and related instruments working in some super sites. The most sensitive issues on cloud observation are inhomogeneity in time and space. The SKYNET community has been making efforts to make it clear in viewpoint of radiative effects of clouds including developments of observation and analysis methods.
The SKYNET is an open research network for observation to estimate the radiative effects of aerosol and cloud in the atmosphere. The research community can share the observed data and the analyzed results in the SKYNET as well as these methods, and has been making efforts to improve the data quality in terms of observation and analysis. Aerosol parameters derived in the SKYNET activities are compiled as optical features in each region, and also utilized for the validation of satellite products. An example is shown in the satellite validation to improve the retrieval algorithm. In-situ sampling instruments such as a nephelometer, absorption meter, etc are operated as well as a lidar to get an aerosol vertical profile in several super sites of the SKYNET. Through the comprehensive analysis of these data, the understanding of the optical characteristics of aerosols makes progress. Cloud observation in the SKYNET is also performed using a sky radiometer (POM-02) mainly, and in addition, a sky-viewing camera, a microwave radiometer and related instruments working in some super sites. The most sensitive issues on cloud observation are inhomogeneity in time and space. The SKYNET community has been making efforts to make it clear in viewpoint of radiative effects of clouds including developments of observation and analysis methods.
FULL TEXT:PDF