Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/65487

KEYWORDS : subjective oral dryness;junior and senior high school students;risk factors;口腔乾燥感;中高生;リスク要因

口腔乾燥症の主要な訴えである口腔乾燥感は，加齢とともに増加する．このため，中高生といった若年層から口腔乾燥感を自覚する者の割合およびその状態を把握し，早期に対応することは重要と考えられる．本研究の目的は，中高生における口腔乾燥感の自覚者の割合と客観的評価との分析を行い，口腔乾燥感に影響する要因を明らかにすることである．調査対象者は，札幌市において2012年４～６月の学校歯科健診を受診した中学１年生から高校３年生までの生徒1,305名のうち，自記式質問票に不備な点があった者や矯正装置が入っていた者を対象から除外した1,010名（男子369名，女子641名）とした．口腔乾燥感自覚者の割合は中学生で男子13.2％，女子17.3％，高校生で男子22.7％，女子17.0％であった．中高生別の男女比較では，口腔乾燥感自覚者の割合に有意差は認められなかった．また，中高生の比較でも口腔乾燥感自覚者の割合に有意差は認められなかった．口腔乾燥状態の客観的評価（柿木分類の診断結果）は，中高生ともに正常または軽度であった．口腔乾燥感自覚者の割合と柿木分類の診断結果との間には，有意差は認められなかった．口腔乾燥感の有無を目的変数にしたロジスティック回帰分析の結果，有意な説明変数は「食事を抜く」がオッズ比1.65（p＜0.05），「10分以内に食事終了」と「ストレス」がオッズ比それぞれ1.67，1.89（p＜0.01），「鼻づまり」と「口が開いている」がそれぞれオッズ比2.69，2.02（p＜0.001）であった．口腔乾燥感に影響する有意な項目は「食事を抜く」，「10分以内に食事終了」，「ストレス」，「鼻づまり」と「口が開いている」であった．以上から，中高生のような若年層において口腔乾燥感自覚者の割合は，男女や年齢に有意差はなく，また，口腔乾燥感に影響する要因は，咀嚼回数が減少するような食習慣，口呼吸およびストレスである可能性が示唆された．
The purpose of this study was to clarify the prevalence of subjective oral dryness and the factors that may affect subjective oral dryness among junior and senior high school students. 1,010 participants (369 boys and 641 girls) participated were selected from 1,305 junior and senior high school students who underwent dental examination in 2012, excluding those who had insufficiencies in the self-completed questionnaire and who had used orthodontic devices. The prevalence of subjective oral dryness in boy and girl junior high school students were 13.2% and 17.4%, respectively, while those in senior high school students were 22.7% and 17.1%, respectively. No significant difference was observed in the frequency of subjective oral dryness in the comparison of boys vs. girls in both junior and senior high school. There was also no significant difference in the frequency of subjective oral dryness in the comparison of junior high school vs. senior high school. Based on the clinical diagnosis of dry mouth, both junior and senior high school students were diagnosed as either normal or mildly symptomatic. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed significant association of skipping a meal (OR=1.65, more than once or twice a week), finish eating within 10 minutes (OR=1.67, more than once or twice a week), stuffy nose (OR=2.69, more than once or twice a month), mouth breathing (OR=2.02, more than once or twice a month) and mental stress (OR=1.89, more than three or four times a week) with subjective oral dryness. Objective symptoms of oral dryness (based on the clinical diagnostic criteria) were only normal and mildly symptomatic. These results suggested that subjective oral dryness is affected according to “skipping a meal”, “finish eating within 10 min”, “mental stress”, “stuffy nose”, and “mouth breathing”.