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沖縄県における教育機会の保障を目指した取り組み : 沖縄県立離島児童生徒支援センターの設置に注目して
佐々木, 貴文
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/68858
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.130.99
KEYWORDS : 条件不利地;離島振興;沖縄県;教育機会の保障;disadvantaged areas;remote islands development;Okinawa Prefecture;securing educational opportunities
Abstract
本稿は，経済活動の一極集中や，グローバル化による国際的なコスト競争が激化するなか，経済的条件不利地になりやすい地方部が衰退することにともなって発生する教育機会の格差や不均衡に注目し，これを解消しようとする具体的な施策を展開している沖縄県の事例から，“周縁”の教育の実態と課題を表出させることを目的とした。そして，産業ならびに財政基盤が弱く，高校のない離島を数多く抱える沖縄県が取り組んでいる，沖縄県立離島児童生徒支援センターの設置事業に焦点をあて，施策展開の背景にある地理的・経済的要因や，設置までの議論，入所対象者の置かれている状況などを分析した。その結果，新設された離島児童生徒支援センターは，離島出身者の進学時の経済的負担を軽減するとともに，家族離散や離島からの人口流出を防ぎ，過疎化にブレーキをかける離島振興機能も期待されていることが明らかになった。
With the overconcentration of economic activities and the growing importance of costcompetitiveness in the international market due to increasing globalization, remote areasliable to become disadvantageous economically tend to decline and suffer from disparity andimbalance of educational opportunities. This study aims to reveal the realties and problemsof education in peripheral areas with reference to Okinawa Prefecture, which is developingpolicies to eliminate the disparity and imbalance of educational opportunities in peripheralareas. Okinawa Prefecture, which is weak in industrial power and a financial base comprisingmany remote islands where no high schools exist, worked on a project to establish OkinawaPrefectural Support Center for Children and Students on Remote Islands. With a focus onthis project, we analyzed geographical and economic factors that underlay the developmentof the policy, discussions that culminated in the establishment, and the boarding students’current situations and needs. Analysis of the results clarified that this center is expectedto prevent the division of family and population outflow from remote islands in addition topromoting measures to mitigate depopulation, as well as reducing the financial burden thatstudents from remote islands face when they continue to higher education.
With the overconcentration of economic activities and the growing importance of costcompetitiveness in the international market due to increasing globalization, remote areasliable to become disadvantageous economically tend to decline and suffer from disparity andimbalance of educational opportunities. This study aims to reveal the realties and problemsof education in peripheral areas with reference to Okinawa Prefecture, which is developingpolicies to eliminate the disparity and imbalance of educational opportunities in peripheralareas. Okinawa Prefecture, which is weak in industrial power and a financial base comprisingmany remote islands where no high schools exist, worked on a project to establish OkinawaPrefectural Support Center for Children and Students on Remote Islands. With a focus onthis project, we analyzed geographical and economic factors that underlay the developmentof the policy, discussions that culminated in the establishment, and the boarding students’current situations and needs. Analysis of the results clarified that this center is expectedto prevent the division of family and population outflow from remote islands in addition topromoting measures to mitigate depopulation, as well as reducing the financial burden thatstudents from remote islands face when they continue to higher education.
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