FONT SIZE:
オーストラリア遠隔地における教員の採用・研修 : トレス海峡島嶼地域を事例として
青木, 麻衣子;伊井, 義人
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/71002
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.131.71
KEYWORDS : 遠隔地;へき地;教員養成;教員の採用;初任者研修;オーストラリア;トレス海峡島嶼地域;Region and remote education;Teacher education;Teacher recruitment and employment;Induction program;Australia;Torres Strait Islands
Abstract
本稿は，継続的な教育成果の低迷が指摘される，オーストラリア遠隔地における教員の採用・研修における課題とその対策とを，これまでに公表された政策文書・報告書の分析とクイーンズランド州トレス海峡島嶼地域における取り組みの検討から明らかにすることを目的とする。これまで過去40年間にわたって，遠隔地の学校は，質の高い教員の確保・維持に頭を悩ませてきた。一般的に，遠隔地の学校に勤務する教員は，都市部に比べ若く，経験年数も浅い上，在職期間も短い。そのため，①教員養成の充実，②採用の際のインセンティブの付与，③着任後の適切な研修の提供といった対策がとられてきたが，未だその改善には至っていない。トレス海峡島嶼地域では，2008年の大規模な学校制度改革に伴い学校運営体制を一元化し，教員の採用・研修についても，地域全体で一括して行う体制へと変更した。実際の成果については今後の検討を要するが，各島に点在する初等学校校長の役割の軽減とともに，教育成果の改善に向けた取り組み・方針の共有の徹底に貢献している。
The aim of this paper is to make clear the issues and current policy conditions in terms of teacher education and recruitments in the remote Australia where continuous low educational achievements have been serious problems, and to consider the ways to overcome this situation through the analysis of the case in the Torres Strait in the northern Queensland. Over the past 40 years, remote schools have challenged the issues for recruiting and retaining the quality teachers. The characteristics of the teachers in remote areas are generally younger, less experienced and higher turnover than the ones in urban areas. For improving this situation, education policies in both levels of Commonwealth and States have stated to the necessity of these; 1) enhancement of pre-service teacher’s training, 2) provision of incentives for recruitment, 3) provision of appropriate professional development for in-service teachers. In the Torres Strait, the big educational reform was implemented and each school in each island in the region was unified into one college in 2007. Therefore, the recruitments and teacher in-service education including induction programs are implemented in the college and the information on teachers are collected to the executive principal of the college and her team. Although it is necessary to consider the actual achievements in another paper, these initiatives must contribute to reduce principal's burdens and share the visions and objectives of education in the college.
The aim of this paper is to make clear the issues and current policy conditions in terms of teacher education and recruitments in the remote Australia where continuous low educational achievements have been serious problems, and to consider the ways to overcome this situation through the analysis of the case in the Torres Strait in the northern Queensland. Over the past 40 years, remote schools have challenged the issues for recruiting and retaining the quality teachers. The characteristics of the teachers in remote areas are generally younger, less experienced and higher turnover than the ones in urban areas. For improving this situation, education policies in both levels of Commonwealth and States have stated to the necessity of these; 1) enhancement of pre-service teacher’s training, 2) provision of incentives for recruitment, 3) provision of appropriate professional development for in-service teachers. In the Torres Strait, the big educational reform was implemented and each school in each island in the region was unified into one college in 2007. Therefore, the recruitments and teacher in-service education including induction programs are implemented in the college and the information on teachers are collected to the executive principal of the college and her team. Although it is necessary to consider the actual achievements in another paper, these initiatives must contribute to reduce principal's burdens and share the visions and objectives of education in the college.
FULL TEXT:PDF