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ヘジェン語における二つのアスペクト形式-mi bi-と-re bi-について
李, 林静
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/77602
KEYWORDS : ヘジェン語;ツングース諸語;動詞アスペクト
Abstract
ヘジェン語は中国黒龍江省黒龍江、松花江、ウスリー江流域に居住するヘジェン族によって話されているツングース諸語の一つである。ヘジェン族の人口は5,354人（2010年の国勢調査による）であるが、ヘジェン語話者数は5人以下と推定される。話者年齢は70代以上で、全員中国語とのバイリンガルである。70代以下の人は中国語しか話せない。ヘジェンの人々は大きくキーレン（自称na nio,na bei）とヘジェン（自称na nai）の二つのグループに分けられ、それぞれの話す方言はキーレン方言及びヘジェン方言だとされている。本論文はキーレン方言についての記述 、分析である。
本論文は副動詞＋存在動詞からなる-mi bi-、-re bi-の二つの形式とその意味、機能について記述した上で、-mi bi-、-re bi-は共起する動詞のアスペクトの性質が各々異なり、-mi bi-、-re bi-と共起するのはそれぞれ日本語でいうところの動作動詞と変化動詞にあたることを明確にする。さらに、変化動詞の内、変化の局面に時間的幅のある動詞は-mi bi-とも共起しうることを指摘する。
第2節ではヘジェン語の動詞構造について概観し、第3節では-mi bi-、-re bi-の意味、機能について述べ、第4節では形動詞 と-mi bi-、-re bi-との対立関係について述べ、第5節では-mi bi-、-re bi-と共起する動詞のアスペクトの性質について述べ、コーパスを用いた検証を行い、第6節では全体についてまとめる。
This paper describes the meaning and function of Hezhen aspect forms -mi bi-and -rebi-,which are two forms composed of“converb + existential verb”. The conclusion is as follows. A.Basically, the Hezhen form -mi bi-expresses the continuation of an action, while -re bi-expresses the resultant state of an action. B.The verbs that co-occur with -mi bi-and -re bi-differ in their lexical aspect, with the former often overlapping with action verbs and the latter often overlapping with verbs of change. For verbs of change whose change phase spans some length of time, -mi bi-can be used to indicate that a process of change is in progress. For verbs of change whose change phase does not span a length of time, -mi bi-cannot be used to indicate that the change is in progress. C.The fundamental semantic distinction between-mi bi-and -re bi-stems from the fundamental distinction between -miand -re. That is, with -mi,V1 is the context for V2, and both actions happen simultaneously, while with -re, V1 precedes V2. D.The participle form -yi-can be used to express the continuation of an action or the persistence of an action’s resulting state; however, when speakers want to emphasize these things, they use -mi bi- and -re bi-.
This paper describes the meaning and function of Hezhen aspect forms -mi bi-and -rebi-,which are two forms composed of“converb + existential verb”. The conclusion is as follows. A.Basically, the Hezhen form -mi bi-expresses the continuation of an action, while -re bi-expresses the resultant state of an action. B.The verbs that co-occur with -mi bi-and -re bi-differ in their lexical aspect, with the former often overlapping with action verbs and the latter often overlapping with verbs of change. For verbs of change whose change phase spans some length of time, -mi bi-can be used to indicate that a process of change is in progress. For verbs of change whose change phase does not span a length of time, -mi bi-cannot be used to indicate that the change is in progress. C.The fundamental semantic distinction between-mi bi-and -re bi-stems from the fundamental distinction between -miand -re. That is, with -mi,V1 is the context for V2, and both actions happen simultaneously, while with -re, V1 precedes V2. D.The participle form -yi-can be used to express the continuation of an action or the persistence of an action’s resulting state; however, when speakers want to emphasize these things, they use -mi bi- and -re bi-.
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