Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/77601

KEYWORDS : 満洲語;三家子方言;黒河方言;シベ方言;母音調和

満洲語は満洲・ツングース系の言語であり、元々清国（1616-1912）を建てた満洲族の言語である。満洲語の古典語1（以下「 満洲古典語」または「古典語」）は17世紀から18世紀末にかけて清国で使用された満洲語を指す。本稿で扱う満洲語三家子方言と黒河方言2は、現在中国黒龍江省チチハル市富裕県三家子屯と同省黒河市で話される満洲語の方言である。また、本稿で扱う満洲語シベ方言3は、現在中国新疆ウイグル自治区のチャプチャルシベ自治県で話される満洲語の方言である。
Synchronically, the vowel harmony in the Sanjiazi and Sibe dialects of Manchu is far from a typical one. It is impossible to group the vowels in the root into any classes, and the scope of the assimilation only includes the suffix and the syllable immediately before the suffix, which does not meet the requirement of vowel harmony that the scope of vowel harmony is a morphological unit which is unbounded to a specific number of syllables. Diachronically, however, Manchu is presumed to have showed the vowel harmony of [±RTR] originally, but the groups collapsed gradually, and there has been a gradual decrease in the number of the suffixes showing the unspecified vowels. On the other hand, the metaphony of [±round]has developed into a regular phenomenon in the Sanjiazi and Sibe dialects.