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分子雲コアの有機分子 ： 星なしコアと 原始星エンベロープ
坂井, 南美
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/77786
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/lowtemsci.78.219
KEYWORDS : 星間分子雲;星間分子;原始星エンベロープ;有機分子;電波観測;molecular cloud;interstellar molecule;protostellar envelope;organic molecule;radio observation
Abstract
星間紫外線が遮断されるほど密度が高くなった星間分子雲においては，様々な分子の生成が進む． 星間分子雲は星形成の場であるため，そこで形成される分子種やそれらの生成過程の理解は，私たち の住む太陽系の化学的起源を知る上でも極めて重要な問題である．最近の電波望遠鏡受信機の高感度 化により，冷たい分子雲コアにおいても複雑な有機分子や様々な分子の同位体種や複雑な有機分子が 検出されつつある．物理環境が定義しやすい「星なし分子雲」での観測研究は，分子の生成過程を一 部辿ることを可能にするとともに，その理解において最新の分子科学の知見の必要性をあらわにした． 本稿では，飽和有機分子と不飽和有機分子に焦点を当て，その詳細を紹介する
The formation of various interstellar molecules takes place in so-called molecular clouds, where interstellar ultraviolet(UV)radiationisshieldedbythemselves.Becausestarsareformedininterstellarclouds,discoveringwhat kind of species are formed and how they are formed is a fundamental and important step in understanding the chemical origin of the Solar System. Owing to sensitivity improvements and new techniques in spectroscopic observations, it is possible to detect COMs as well as various rare isotopic species, even in cold starless clouds. Observational studies of molecules in cold molecular clouds, where environmental conditions are relatively easy to define,haveevenenabledustodiscoverhowthesespeciesareformed.However,thesestudieshavealsoenabledusto recognizethatthereisasignificantlackofknowledgeinmolecularscience.Inthispaper,recentobservationalresults of various organic molecules at the molecular cloud scale are summarized along with the current issues we face in understanding their formation mechanisms.
The formation of various interstellar molecules takes place in so-called molecular clouds, where interstellar ultraviolet(UV)radiationisshieldedbythemselves.Becausestarsareformedininterstellarclouds,discoveringwhat kind of species are formed and how they are formed is a fundamental and important step in understanding the chemical origin of the Solar System. Owing to sensitivity improvements and new techniques in spectroscopic observations, it is possible to detect COMs as well as various rare isotopic species, even in cold starless clouds. Observational studies of molecules in cold molecular clouds, where environmental conditions are relatively easy to define,haveevenenabledustodiscoverhowthesespeciesareformed.However,thesestudieshavealsoenabledusto recognizethatthereisasignificantlackofknowledgeinmolecularscience.Inthispaper,recentobservationalresults of various organic molecules at the molecular cloud scale are summarized along with the current issues we face in understanding their formation mechanisms.
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