Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/80275

JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.137.171

KEYWORDS : 役割分担;調整可能性;ペアデータ;育児休業;Shared housework and child-rearing;Possibility of coordination;Paired data;Parental leave

　共働き夫妻の家事育児は遂行の時間や頻度から見て分担が進んでいるものの，妻に偏っている点で夫片働き家庭と共通している。これを受けて役割分担の研究は共働き夫妻に限定して規定要因の再検討を行った。一方，子どもの誕生と成長につれて夫妻間の役割分担が硬直化し，調整可能性が制限されることの議論がほぼなされていない。本研究は夫妻双方から集めたペアデータを用い，育休の取得と利用を手がかりに分析した。その結果，調整可能性の内実として「互換可能性」と「代替可能性」を明らかにした。妻のみ育休を取る場合，夫妻間の交渉が抑えられて役割の互換をしなくなり，夫の家事育児遂行が限られた結果，夫妻間の代替も難しくなる。役割分担の調整可能性に寄与する観点から，男性の育休取得率を上げるよりも，取得と利用における夫妻間の差に注目する必要がある。夫妻が共に育休を取る，もしくは取らなくても子育てができる環境が重要である。
　In terms of the time and frequency of housework and child-rearing, the sharing of dual-earner couples tends to be equal, but it still shows the same tendency that wife bear more as in the case of single-earner couples. The existing research have reexamined the determinants of role-sharing for dual-earner couples, but little has been discussed about the increasingly rigid division of roles during the birth and growth of children. Thus, the possibility of the coordination of housework between husband and wife would be limited. This research uses paired data collected from couples to develop an analysis by the use of parental leave and its effects. The results show the possibility for coordination of the division of labour includes interchangeability and substitutability. A decrease in the interchangeability of the division of labour occurs when communication between the couple is inhibited with only the wife being on parental leave, which leads to a limit on the husband’s sharing and further a reduction in the substitutability of the couple. This study therefore argues that it is more important to reduce the gap of taking a leave between couples than discussing how to promote the use of parental leave for men. Creating an environment in which both spouses can take parental leave, or co-parenting without taking parental leave, would be helpful in creating a harmonious division of labour between spouses.