北海道大学大学院教育学研究院紀要 = Bulletin of Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University;第138号

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教員の働き方の改善に資する教職員集団の協働の可能性 : 生徒指導上の課題への組織的取り組みに着目して

高島, 裕美

Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/82177
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.138.97
KEYWORDS : 教員の多忙・ストレス;生徒指導;組織的取り組み;学校組織改革;学級担任;Busyness and stress of teachers;Student guidance;Organizational efforts;School organization management;Classroom teacher

Abstract

 教員の多忙問題を解決する手立てのひとつとして,学校組織改革が進められている。それによって学校組織はどのように変化し,現場の教員の働き方にどういった影響を与えているのか。そして,多忙は解消されるのか。これらの問いを明らかにするために,改革の導入期の,ある小学校における学校全体での組織的取り組みの事例を検討した。結果,第一に,この小学校の課題であった子どもの問題行動に対しては,「校内学びの支援委員会」という組織をベースに,教員集団がケースに応じてその仕組みを変容させて運用していたことが明らかになった。第二に,そうした取り組みによって,学級担任の負担感が軽減してゆく様子がみられた。しかし,組織的取り組みが浸透することは,一方で学校組織の階層性の強化にもつながり,教員たちが自律的に業務を決定する領分が縮小する可能性も示唆された。
 Today, the busyness and stress of teachers has become a major issue. One of the factors is the issue of student guidance. In the background, "individuality of work", which is an organizational characteristic of elementary schools, have been criticized, and “ Organizational Efforts” are promoted. How are these school organizational reforms accepted and operated at school? What kind of influence does it have on the working styles of teachers in school? And, can it really help relieve the busyness and stress of teachers? In order to reveal these questions, we examined a case of elementary school starting organizational approach to an issue in student guidance. As a result, firstly, there are issues of children with sudden and impulsive behavior in this case, teachers are feeling burdened. For this issue, teachers set up organization called "School Learning Support Committee", and transform their organization so that it could support for children flexibly. Secondly, it was shown that the organizational efforts reduced the burden on the classroom teachers’ tasks and could help optimize teacher’s workload. On the other hand, it should be noted that as the organizational efforts permeate, the territories where the classroom teachers can work autonomously will be cut and the hierarchy in the school organization will be strengthened.

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