open access

https://hdl.handle.net/2115/39898

Leisure and Festivity : Popular Entertainments and Social Control in Modern England

日本語

festivity

2009-11-20

Center for Advanced Tourism Studies, Hokkaido University

Advanced Tourism Studies

6

1-13

This paper discusses how a form of social control was exercised in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. In the process of social and industrial modernization, the mode of work was also fundamentally transformed in the way work was more and more concentrated and disciplined. As a result, work and leisure were segmented both in temporal and spatial terms and leisure was extended to workers. In this period, meanwhile, some popular entertainments and traditional events which had often unleashed festivity were suppressed as "savage" and "uncivilized" and instead "rational" recreation was strongly recommended by the bourgeois middle class gaining more social and cultural influence. This regulation and induction of how spare time should be used seems, as alleged, to derive from humanitarian compassion but in fact can be regarded as a form of social control based on the intention to domesticate the working class who were feared to disturb the social order by uprisings.

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