open access

https://hdl.handle.net/2115/44619

A physical study on the thermal ice ridge in a closed deep lake : Lake Kuttara, Hokkaido, Japan

英語

Ice-growth simulation

2010

Springer

Limnology

11(2)

125-132

An ice-ridge line more than 2,000 m long was discovered in a closed, deep lake—Lake Kuttara, Hokkaido, Japan—in the ice-covered season of 1995. To clarify when and how the ice-ridge line built up, meteorology and ice and water temperatures were monitored, and the density, thermal conductivity, and thickness of the covered ice were measured from January through March 1995. The covered ice on 4 and 5 March 1995, which corresponded to the period with the thickest lake ice, consisted of snow ice 0.05- to 0.07-m thick and candle ice 0.18- to 0.21-m thick. Numerical simulations for the ice thickness and temperature were carried out using a one-dimensional, unsteady, threelayer model. The simulated results, which were reasonable to the observations, indicate that due to the ice contraction and expansion, the ice-ridge line started to construct on 2 February and was completed the next day.

学術雑誌論文

Accepted Manuscript

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com

1439-8621