地域づくりにおける「負の存在」の資源化プロセスの研究 : 北海道の流氷とエゾシカの「正の資源」転換を事例に

In modern society, it is important to promote “community development” by utilizing local resources such as food or tourism under the circumstances that require vitalizing local economy. In such situation, there are several cases in which local actors’ overcoming “negative existence,” that has been giving negative influences against local economy, could lead to community development. For example, the furious blizzard in Aomori, Japan has been “negative existence” by threatening local residents for long time, however, it has converted to usable resource, “blizzard tour” by local actors who performed “changing in thinking” and “creating new ideas.”This study examines the process of transforming “negative existence” to positive resource by local actors” performances through the case study of “Drift Ice” and “Yezo Deer” in Hokkaido based on the hypotheses of the existence of common factors in those cases. The analysis shows that the process of the cases involves four classified components such as, “cultural branding,” “cultural marketing,” “scientific branding,” and “scientific marketing.”In addition, each local actors who represent those four classified components cooperates each other to promote utilizing local resource continuously. After showing the process model of transforming “negative existence” to positive resource as the combination of those four classified components, this study gives more multidimensional considerations for its practical use. Such considerations and discussions implicate the possibility of application for other cases of utilizing resource in other regions. Furthermore, the model can possibly be applied to the framework for human resource development by referencing “Actor-network theory” and the concept of positive approach.