北海道協会の基礎研究 : 明治中後期・植民地経営における「官民調和」の政治構造

北海道大学大学院文学研究科北方研究教育センター

北方人文研究

The purpose of this article is to clarify the organization of The Hokkaido association during the mid and late Meiji era through an analysis of personnel, activities, and relation with government office. In the case, I'd like to pay attention to two key persons; KONOE Atsumaro and KITAGAKI Kunimichi. The former is the person who took the lead in The Hokkaido association, the latter supported them from the viewpoint of governor in Hokkaido. They worked out the Hokkaido immigration policy, "Public-private cooperation (Kanmin kyocho 官民協調)" by agreement of Ministry of Home Affairs that controlled the Hokkaido government in March 1893. The word as public and private cooperation offers the key and background to an understanding of The Hokkaido association. I would like to suggest the following three conclusions'. In the first place, the officials of The Hokkaido association are usually government official. Especially the officials of the Hokkaido government and the executives of The Hokkaido association in the region of Hokkaido turned out to be duplicated. Namely, Government officials selectively use public and private as necessary, and smoothly promoted administration concerning immigration. This is one element on the structure of "Public-private cooperation". In the second place, discount enterprises for Hokkaido migrants by The Hokkaido association was a great success. Since the beginning of this enterprises, the number of migrants to Hokkaido has increased sharply. Besides this, they developed various projects. In political activities, they acted as an intermediary to the government and parliament. And they were responsible for informing society of the protection of Ainu. All activities are that government officials can not do, their role was to link the center and region from outside the administrative organization. Only in the final place, to investigate The Hokkaido association will elucidate the prototype of an affiliated organization in colonial administration in modern Japan.