Direct Regulons of AtxA, the Master Virulence Regulator of Bacillus anthracis

Furuta, Yoshikazu; Cheng, Cheng; Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya; Paudel, Atmika; Izumi, Shun; Tsujinouchi, Mai; Shimizu, Tomoko; Meijer, Wim G.; Higashi, Hideaki

Direct Regulons of AtxA, the Master Virulence Regulator of Bacillus anthracis

Furuta, Yoshikazu; Cheng, Cheng; Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya et al.

Msystems, 2021, 6(4), e00291-21

Permalink : https://hdl.handle.net/2115/83381

このアイテムのアクセス数:449件（2026-08-12 19:54 集計）

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https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00291-21			28

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アクセス権	open access
URI	https://hdl.handle.net/2115/83381
タイトル	Direct Regulons of AtxA, the Master Virulence Regulator of Bacillus anthracis
著者	Furuta, Yoshikazu ; Cheng, Cheng ; Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya ; Paudel, Atmika ; Izumi, Shun ; Tsujinouchi, Mai ; Shimizu, Tomoko ; Meijer, Wim G. ; Higashi, Hideaki
著者名 Furuta, Yoshikazu
著者名 Cheng, Cheng
著者名 Zorigt, Tuvshinzaya
e-Rad_Researcher 80832774 著者名 Paudel, Atmika
著者名 Izumi, Shun
著者名 Tsujinouchi, Mai
著者名 Shimizu, Tomoko
著者名 Meijer, Wim G.
e-Rad_Researcher 20311227 著者名 Higashi, Hideaki
言語	英語
キーワード	Bacillus anthracis
	Cappable-seq
	ChIP-seq
	DNA-binding proteins
	small RNA
	transcription factors
	transcriptional regulation
	virulence factors
発行日	2021-07-20
出版者	American Society for Microbiology
収録物名	Msystems
巻(号)	6(4)
ページ	e00291-21
抄録	AtxA, the master virulence regulator of Bacillus anthracis, regulates the expression of three toxins and genes for capsule formation that are required for the pathogenicity of B. anthracis. Recent transcriptome analyses showed that AtxA affects a large number of genes on the chromosome and plasmids, suggesting a role as a global regulator. However, information on genes directly regulated by AtxA is scarce. In this work, we conducted genome-wide analyses and cataloged the binding sites of AtxA in vivo and transcription start sites on the B. anthracis genome. By integrating these results, we detected eight genes as direct regulons of AtxA. These consisted of five protein-coding genes, including two of the three toxin genes, and three genes encoding the small RNAs XrrA and XrrB and a newly discovered 95-nucleotide small RNA, XrrC. Transcriptomes from single-knockout mutants of these small RNAs revealed changes in the transcription levels of genes related to the aerobic electron transport chain, heme biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism, suggesting their function for the control of cell physiology. These results reveal the first layer of the gene regulatory network for the pathogenicity of B. anthracis and provide a data set for the further study of the genomics and genetics of B. anthracis. IMPORTANCE Bacillus anthracis is the Gram-positive bacterial species that causes anthrax. Anthrax is still prevalent in countries mainly in Asia and Africa, where it causes economic damage and remains a public health issue. The mechanism of pathogenicity is mainly explained by the three toxin proteins expressed from the pXO1 plasmid and by proteins involved in capsule formation expressed from the pXO2 plasmid. AtxA is a protein expressed from the pXO1 plasmid that is known to upregulate genes involved in toxin production and capsule formation and is thus considered the master virulence regulator of B. anthracis. Therefore, understanding the detailed mechanism of gene regulation is important for the control of anthrax. The significance of this work lies in the identification of genes that are directly regulated by AtxA via genome-wide analyses. The results reveal the first layer of the gene regulatory network for the pathogenicity of B. anthracis and provide useful resources for a further understanding of B. anthracis.
資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
出版タイプ	Version of Record
PISSN	2379-5077
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	出版社版DOI https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00291-21