Assessment of Observational Evidence for Direct Convective Hydration of the Lower Stratosphere

Jensen, E. J.; Pan, Laura L.; Honomichl, Shawn; Diskin, Glenn S.; Krämer, Martina; Spelten, Nicole; Günther, Gebhard; Hurst, Dale F.; Fujiwara, Masatomo; Vömel, Holger; Selkirk, Henry B.; Suzuki, Junko; Schwartz, Michael J.; Smith, Jessica B.

Assessment of Observational Evidence for Direct Convective Hydration of the Lower Stratosphere

Jensen, E. J.; Pan, Laura L.; Honomichl, Shawn et al.

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2020, 125(15), e2020JD032793

Permalink : https://hdl.handle.net/2115/84693

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アクセス権	open access
URI	https://hdl.handle.net/2115/84693
タイトル	Assessment of Observational Evidence for Direct Convective Hydration of the Lower Stratosphere
著者	Jensen, E. J. ; Pan, Laura L. ; Honomichl, Shawn ; Diskin, Glenn S. ; Krämer, Martina ; Spelten, Nicole ; Günther, Gebhard ; Hurst, Dale F. ; Fujiwara, Masatomo ; Vömel, Holger ; Selkirk, Henry B. ; Suzuki, Junko ; Schwartz, Michael J. ; Smith, Jessica B.
著者名 Jensen, E. J.
著者名 Pan, Laura L.
著者名 Honomichl, Shawn
著者名 Diskin, Glenn S.
著者名 Krämer, Martina
著者名 Spelten, Nicole
著者名 Günther, Gebhard
著者名 Hurst, Dale F.
e-Rad_Researcher 00360941 著者名 Fujiwara, Masatomo
著者名 Vömel, Holger
著者名 Selkirk, Henry B.
著者名 Suzuki, Junko
著者名 Schwartz, Michael J.
著者名 Smith, Jessica B.
言語	英語
キーワード	stratosphere
	water vapor
	convection
発行日	2020-06-23
出版者	American Geophysical Union (AGU)
収録物名	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
巻(号)	125(15)
ページ	e2020JD032793
抄録	In situ and remote sensing observations of water vapor are analyzed to assess the evidence for direct convective hydration of the lower stratosphere. We have examined several hundred balloon-borne and airborne in situ measurements of lower stratospheric humidity in the tropics and northern midlatitudes. We find that the tropical lower stratospheric H2O enhancements above the background occur quite infrequently, and the height of the enhancements is within about 1 km of the cold-point tropopause. Following Schwartz et al. (2013, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50421), we examine the anomalously high (above 8 ppmv) water vapor mixing ratios retrieved by the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) at 100- and 82-hPa pressure levels, and we determine their vertical location relative to the local tropopause based on both Global Forecast System (GFS) operational analysis and the ERA5 reanalysis temperature data. We find that essentially all of the >8-ppmv MLS water vapor measurements over the extratropical North American monsoon region are above the relatively low lapse-rate tropopause in the region, and most are above the local cold-point tropopause. Over the Asian monsoon region, most (80/90%) of the high H2O values occur below the relatively high-altitude local lapse-rate/cold-point tropopause. Anomalously high MLS water vapor retrievals at 100 and 82 hPa almost never occur in the deep tropics. We show that this result is consistent with the in situ observations given the broad vertical averaging kernel of the MLS measurement. The available evidence suggests that direct hydration of the lower stratosphere is important over North America during the monsoon season but likely has limited impact in the tropics.
資源タイプ	学術雑誌論文
出版タイプ	Version of Record
権利情報	Copyright 2020 American Geophysical Union.
PISSN	2169-897X
EISSN	2169-8996
NCID	AA10819765
関連情報 (isIdenticalTo)	出版社版DOI https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD032793