ラット歯牙および歯槽骨に対するビスフォスフォネート投与の影響

ビスフォスフォネート

北海道歯学会

北海道歯学雑誌

Bisphosphonates are prescribed for osteoporosis and other metabolic bone diseases. Zoledronic acid, a third-generation bisphosphonate, induces osteoclast apoptosis and potently inhib its bone resorption. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of zoledronic acid on the tibia, teeth, and alveolar bone.　Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic aci d, and the right mandibular first molar of some rats were extracted. The rats were euthanized 3 weeks after surgery. The tibia and maxilla were histopathologically analyzed after staining with hematoxylin and eosin or tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and Azan-Mallory (AZAN) staining.　In the zoledronic acid group, osteoclasts in the tibia and alveolar bone were large and had numerous nuclei, but these cells had reduced ability to resorb bone. Root resorption was o bserved in the apical dentin of the maxillary first molar, and odontoclasts within the resorption cavities were TRAP-posit ive. In an experiment involving tooth extraction, the non-occlusal side in the maxilla exhibited fewer resorption cavities than the occlusal side.　These findings show that zoledronic acid induced structural disorders in the tibia, teeth, alveolar bone, and periodontal membrane. Additionally, the induction of root resorption was related to mechanical occlusal stress.