open access

https://hdl.handle.net/2115/97218

Theoretical study on dew formation in plant canopies based on a one-layer energy-balance model

英語

Surface energy balance

2024-07-15

Elsevier

Agricultural and forest meteorology

354

109911

Dew formation on leaves plays an important role in plant growth and water use, but it also contributes to the development of a variety of plant diseases. However, the quantitative relationship between dew formation in plant canopies and meteorological conditions has not been fully elucidated. In the present study, a one-layer energy-balance model (1L-model) of a plant canopy was developed to systematically investigate this relationship, obtaining the following results: (1) Dew formation (condensation rate) on leaves is highly dependent on four parameters: effective radiation, relative humidity, air temperature, and exchange velocity (k(L)) of the plant canopy. (2) Dew formation occurs when relative humidity (rh) exceeds the critical value (rh(cr)), wherein rh(cr) decreases with a decrease in effective radiation and is lower at lower air temperatures. (3) Under conditions where rh > rh(cr), the condensation rate reaches a maximum at a specific exchange velocity; however, condensation does not occur when k(L) is greater than the critical value. (4) The maximum condensation rate increases with decreasing effective radiation, but rapidly decreases with decreasing relative humidity, and increases with increasing air temperature under humid conditions. Given these theoretical considerations, we proposed two physical indices (reference dew amount, W-0,W- and potential dew amount, Wp) calculated from meteorological conditions using the 1L-model. Here, Wp is the maximum dew amount for given meteorological conditions, excluding wind speed. The efficacy of W-0 and Wp in assessing leaf wetness duration (LWD) and dew amount in plant canopies was confirmed through actual measurements in a rice paddy and numerical simulations using a more comprehensive multilayer energy-balance model. This study contributes to a better understanding of the nature of dew formation on plants and improves the accuracy of LWD and dew amount estimation in plant canopies for the prevention of various plant diseases.

学術雑誌論文

Accepted Manuscript

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0168-1923