Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/82176

JaLCDOI : 10.14943/b.edu.138.119

KEYWORDS : 社会的養護;知的障害;発達障害;ライフコース;Social care;Intellectual disabilities;Developmental disabilities;Life course

　近年，児童養護施設で暮らす障害のある子どもが増加している。本稿では，その背景を概観したうえで，従来，児童養護施設で取り組まれてきた自立支援のあり方を問い直すものとして，施設における障害のある子どもの進路支援に焦点をあてる。施設職員を対象としたインタビュー調査の結果，進路支援の前提として，学齢期を通して子ども自身の障害受容を促す支援が行われているが，高校進学の段階では，普通高校よりも特別支援学校高等部への進学を後押しする働きかけが行われていることが明らかになった。しかし，障害のある子どもに対するこうした進路支援を含む自立支援は，子どもたちが望む「ふつう」の生活をあきらめさせることにもつながっている。他方で，障害のある子どもに対する進路支援は，ライフコースを通じてケアやサポートを利用しながら生きる，つまり依存しながら自立する可能性を広げる契機にもなっていると考えられる。
　In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of children with disabilities living in residential children's homes. This paper focuses on career support for children living in residential children's homes, and interviews were conducted with staff members of these homes. The results showed that, first, support was provided to encourage children's acceptance of their own disabilities throughout their school years as a prerequisite for career support. Second, support was provided to encourage children to go on to senior high school for special needs students rather than regular high school, even if their disabilities were mild. Third, they were also working with the child's parents on disability acceptance and career support for their children. On the other hand, support for self-reliance, including career support, leads children to give up the "normal" life they want. However, children with disabilities are the ones who need care and support throughout the life course in the first place. Just as special education guarantees a place to learn and employment for the disabled provides a place to work, we should discuss how to guarantee a life with care and support from systems such as welfare and public assistance for the disabled. Career support could be a turning point to expand the possibility of living with care and support in the life course, i.e., dependence and independence.