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オーストラリアにおけるファウンデーション・プログラム : 留学生を対象とした予備教育の制度的枠組みと日本への示唆
青木, 麻衣子;内田, 治子
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49299
KEYWORDS : 学部予備教育;ファウンデーション・プログラム;オーストラリアの留学生政策;移行・接続（transition）;異文化適応
Abstract
本稿は、オーストラリアにおける留学生のための学部予備教育課程であるファウンデーション・プログラム（Foundation Program : FP）の制度的枠組みと具体的な運営形態とを、政策文書の分析および聞き取り調査から明らかにし、その意義を考察するものである。オーストラリアでは、1980年代後半に私費留学生にその受け入れの門戸を開放して以降、特に高等教育機関における留学生数の増加が著しく、教育産業はいまや同国第三の輸出品と言われるまでに成長した。そのため、「優秀」な留学生の獲得と育成に力を入れてきた同国の取り組みを検討することは、「留学生30万人計画」（2008年）の下、留学生の戦略的獲得のため、入学試験や入国手続きの簡素化・円滑化、魅力ある教育プログラムの開発等が求められている我が国の留学生政策を考える上でも有用である。本稿では、代表的なFPを展開する3機関での開き取り調査からそれらの特長を明らかにするとともに、プログラムを成功に導く鍵を探る。
The aim of this paper is to present the institutional framework， and operational forms of the FP (Foundation Program) whose primary function is to assist in the pre-university education for international students who have not received the Senior Secondary Certificate of Education in Australia. It will also include an analysis of related policies and reports as well as interviews with officers who have significant experience with the FPs. The genesis of the program began in the middle of the nineteen eighties when the government set the goal to open universities for privately funded international students. Since then the number of international students has rapidly increased, and the international education sector has grown to be the third export services in Australia. Furthermore, FP's have contributed to not only recruit top students from abroad, but have also taken the responsibility to provide them with opportunities and extra time in order for them to adequately adjust to the Australian higher educational system (tertiary) - as well as academics in the offical (English) language. Qualitative data from interviews at Taylor's College (which is the FP for the University of Sydney)，the UNSW Foundation Studies, and the RMIT lnternational College Foundation Studies have given pertinent information about the importance of the cooperation between the FP providers and the universities in terms of marketing and monitoring each student's academic endeavors with the goal being to ensure the success of each Foundation Program.
The aim of this paper is to present the institutional framework， and operational forms of the FP (Foundation Program) whose primary function is to assist in the pre-university education for international students who have not received the Senior Secondary Certificate of Education in Australia. It will also include an analysis of related policies and reports as well as interviews with officers who have significant experience with the FPs. The genesis of the program began in the middle of the nineteen eighties when the government set the goal to open universities for privately funded international students. Since then the number of international students has rapidly increased, and the international education sector has grown to be the third export services in Australia. Furthermore, FP's have contributed to not only recruit top students from abroad, but have also taken the responsibility to provide them with opportunities and extra time in order for them to adequately adjust to the Australian higher educational system (tertiary) - as well as academics in the offical (English) language. Qualitative data from interviews at Taylor's College (which is the FP for the University of Sydney)，the UNSW Foundation Studies, and the RMIT lnternational College Foundation Studies have given pertinent information about the importance of the cooperation between the FP providers and the universities in terms of marketing and monitoring each student's academic endeavors with the goal being to ensure the success of each Foundation Program.
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