open access

https://hdl.handle.net/2115/17189

GABAergic signaling in the developing cerebellum

英語

and inhibitory transmission

2005

Elsevier Inc.

GABA in Autism and Related Disorders (International Review of Neurobiology 71)

63-94

In the adult central nervous system (CNS), γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) is the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter, and it regulates glutamatergic activity. Recent studies have revealed that GABA serves as an excitatory transmitter in the immature CNS, and acts as a trophic factor for brain development. Furthermore, normal formation of GABAergic synapses is crucial for the expression of higher brain functions such as memory, learning and motor coordination, and various psychiatric diseases such as anxiety disorders, epilepsy, schizophrenia and autism are partly caused by the dysfunction of GABA in the developing and mature brain. These results indicate that the GABAergic roles change developmentally with special references to alterations in GABAergic transmission and signaling, and that GABA plays various roles in the expression of almost all brain functions. We morphologically investigated the developmental changes in the GABAergic transmission system and the key factors for the formation of GABAergic synapses and networks. Here, we focus on the cerebellar cortex, which provides an ideal system for the investigation of brain development, and review four points: (1) The GABAergic system in the adult cerebellum, (2) GABAergic signaling before synaptogenesis -the mechanisms by which GABA exerts its effect on developing neurons-, (3) Formation of GABAergic synapses -mechanisms underlying formation of functional GABAergic synapses-, and (4) Functions of GABAergic synapses.

学術雑誌論文

Accepted Manuscript

Reprinted from International Review of Neurobiology, Vol. 71, Chitoshi Takayama, GABAergic Signaling In The Developing Cerebellum , pp. 63-94, Copyright 2005, with permission from Elsevier.

0074-7742