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コウモリの越冬生態 : 冬のエネルギー配分に関わる多様な行動特性と気候変動の影響について
佐藤, 雄大
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/89111
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/lowtemsci.81.89
KEYWORDS : 越冬生態;トレードオフ;繁殖戦略;気候変動;コウモリ目;Hibernation ecology;Trade-offs;Reproductive strategies;Climate change;Chiroptera
Abstract
調査手法や解析技術の発達により，コウモリの野外個体群を対象とした生態研究が幅広く行われ，哺乳類の中でも特異な進化をとげた生活史戦略の一端が解明されてきた．このうち越冬生態については，種による違いだけでなく，同種の個体群間や個体間でもバリエーションがみられている．最近では，冬眠の利益とコストというトレードオフの観点に基づく最適理論が導入され，野外で観察される体温調節行動や越冬場所利用のパターンが，どのように決定されるのかについても明らかとなってきた．こうした知見は，気候変動によってコウモリの冬眠および繁殖フェノロジーに生じる影響を予測・評価する上でも有用な情報となることが期待されている．
Recent advances in research methods and analytical techniques have enabled us to study a variety of ecological and behavioral aspects of bats in the field. Various studies have showed that the hibernation ecology of bats varies among species, among populations, and even among individuals in a population. Furthermore, the optimal hibernation theory, which takes into account the trade-offs between costs and benefits of hibernation, has been explained how torpor expression and hibernation site use are determined. Here, we briefly review the new aspects of hibernation ecology of bats, and also discuss about the influences of climate change on the phenology of hibernation and reproduction.
Recent advances in research methods and analytical techniques have enabled us to study a variety of ecological and behavioral aspects of bats in the field. Various studies have showed that the hibernation ecology of bats varies among species, among populations, and even among individuals in a population. Furthermore, the optimal hibernation theory, which takes into account the trade-offs between costs and benefits of hibernation, has been explained how torpor expression and hibernation site use are determined. Here, we briefly review the new aspects of hibernation ecology of bats, and also discuss about the influences of climate change on the phenology of hibernation and reproduction.
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