FONT SIZE:
投書という文化 : ポスト・ソビエト期の情報ネットワークとロシアの先住民族の社会運動の歴史的関係
是澤, 櫻子
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/91266
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/Jais.4.001
KEYWORDS : 情報化;投書;ロシア;先住民族;社会運動;information society;letter of appeal;post-Soviet Russia;indigenous peoples;social movements
Abstract
本稿の目的は、投書という手紙資料の分析を通して、ロシアの先住民族の社会運動において企業や行政と交渉するための知識がどのように共有されてきたのかを明らかにし、先住民族の社会運動と情報支援の関係について考察することである。従来のロシアの先住民族研究は、先住民族の権利を保障するための既存の法律の理念と実態が乖離しており、その差を埋めるために先住民族集団が交渉相手である企業や行政の言説を熟知して交渉の糸口を探る必要に迫られるという不均衡な力関係があることを明らかにしてきた。これらの交渉のための知識は、どのような媒体で、どのような集団を経由して継承されているのだろうか。本稿は、ロシア独自の社会問題を訴える手段である投書に注目する。特に投書における仲介者としての先住民族組織の意義に注目し、彼らが各地の先住民族コミュニティの言葉を言い換え、企業や行政に対して法律用語を多用して交渉を行う「法律の翻訳者」であったことを示す
This paper focuses on the relationship between indigenous rights movements and the information society in post-Soviet Russia. The purpose of this paper is to examine how knowledge for negotiating with companies and the government has been shared among indigenous communities in Russia through an analysis of letters, which were exchanged between the government, companies, and indigenous peoples. Previous research on indigenous peoples in Russia has shown that there is a gap between the ideals and reality of implementing federal laws concerning indigenous rights. It means that indigenous peoples are required to be familiar with the discourse of the companies and governments with which they are negotiating, in order to bridge these gaps. Under these circumstances of unbalanced power relations, how do indigenous groups know and share knowledges for negotiation? This paper focuses on letters, which are Russia's unique means of addressing social issues and used as a media for sharing knowledge for negotiation among indigenous communities. In particular, this paper focuses on the significance of indigenous organizations as intermediaries between local indigenous communities, companies and government. The author argues that the indigenous organizations have played a role of "legal translator" that has paraphrased the words of local indigenous communities and negotiated with companies and governments by sharing the way of using legal terminology for negotiation.
This paper focuses on the relationship between indigenous rights movements and the information society in post-Soviet Russia. The purpose of this paper is to examine how knowledge for negotiating with companies and the government has been shared among indigenous communities in Russia through an analysis of letters, which were exchanged between the government, companies, and indigenous peoples. Previous research on indigenous peoples in Russia has shown that there is a gap between the ideals and reality of implementing federal laws concerning indigenous rights. It means that indigenous peoples are required to be familiar with the discourse of the companies and governments with which they are negotiating, in order to bridge these gaps. Under these circumstances of unbalanced power relations, how do indigenous groups know and share knowledges for negotiation? This paper focuses on letters, which are Russia's unique means of addressing social issues and used as a media for sharing knowledge for negotiation among indigenous communities. In particular, this paper focuses on the significance of indigenous organizations as intermediaries between local indigenous communities, companies and government. The author argues that the indigenous organizations have played a role of "legal translator" that has paraphrased the words of local indigenous communities and negotiated with companies and governments by sharing the way of using legal terminology for negotiation.
FULL TEXT:PDF