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手工芸開発を出入りする : 台湾原住民と織物支援をめぐる協調、対立、無関心
田本, はる菜
Permalink : http://hdl.handle.net/2115/80892
JaLCDOI : 10.14943/97171
KEYWORDS : 台湾原住民;織物;手工芸;開発;生のプロジェクト;Taiwanese indigenous peoples;weaving;handicrafts;development;life projects
Abstract
近年台湾政府の進める原住民の工芸・芸術支援は、これまで公的な場にアクセスを持たなかった原住民の人々を可視化し、その社会進出を促したと評価される一方、原住民文化の象徴的な利用、商業化の促進により、むしろ原住民の伝統知識や彼らの主体性を蔑ろにしてきたとも指摘されてきた。原住民文化を通じた開発に向けられるこの指摘は、原住民の人々にとって「発展」が何を意味するのか、という点からこの状況を捉え直す必要性を示している。 本稿では、台湾中部でのフィールド調査をもとに、手工芸開発の対象となった原住民女性たちが、支援に対して協調、対立、無関心といった態度をとりながら、多様な仕方で開発との関係を取り結んでいることを明らかにする。ここから、手工芸を通じた「発展」が、政府の目指す発展と単に合致／矛盾するものとしてでなく、彼らの固有の経験や歴史と結びついた「生のプロジェクト」との関わりで捉えられていることを指摘する。
The government's current policies of supporting indigenous arts and crafts have been credited with making people that were previously without access to the public sphere socially visible. However, it is also argued that aboriginal culture's symbolic use and commercialization have somehow neglected their traditional knowledge and subjectivity. These criticisms on developing aboriginal culture suggest the need to rethink the meaning of "development" to indigenous people. This paper, which is based on field research in central Taiwan, shows the diverse methods in which indigenous women relate to development through their collaborative attitudes, confrontation, and indifference to craft development projects. The findings suggest that "development" for indigenous women is not merely something that aligns with or contradicts the government's development goals but is a "life project" related to their history and experiences until the present.
The government's current policies of supporting indigenous arts and crafts have been credited with making people that were previously without access to the public sphere socially visible. However, it is also argued that aboriginal culture's symbolic use and commercialization have somehow neglected their traditional knowledge and subjectivity. These criticisms on developing aboriginal culture suggest the need to rethink the meaning of "development" to indigenous people. This paper, which is based on field research in central Taiwan, shows the diverse methods in which indigenous women relate to development through their collaborative attitudes, confrontation, and indifference to craft development projects. The findings suggest that "development" for indigenous women is not merely something that aligns with or contradicts the government's development goals but is a "life project" related to their history and experiences until the present.
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