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Contribution of thermal desorption and liquid–liquid extraction for identification and profiling of impurities in methamphetamine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Title: | Contribution of thermal desorption and liquid–liquid extraction for identification and profiling of impurities in methamphetamine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry |
Authors: | Kuwayama, Kenji Browse this author | Inoue, Hiroyuki Browse this author | Kanamori, Tatsuyuki Browse this author | Tsujikawa, Kenji Browse this author | Miyaguchi, Hajime Browse this author | Iwata, Yuko Browse this author | Kamo, Naoki Browse this author | Kishi, Tohru Browse this author |
Keywords: | Thermal desorption | Solid phase microextraction | Methamphetamine | Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry | Impurity profiling |
Issue Date: | 24-Aug-2007 |
Publisher: | Elsevier Ireland Ltd. |
Journal Title: | Forensic Science International |
Volume: | 171 |
Issue: | 1 |
Start Page: | 9 |
End Page: | 15 |
Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.09.007 |
PMID: | 17055680 |
Abstract: | Impurity profiling of methamphetamine (MA) using thermal desorption (TD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was examined. Using TD/GC–MS, impurities were extracted and separated under various conditions. Optimal chromatograms were obtained when a 20 mg MA sample was extracted at 120 °C for 3 min using a TD instrument, followed by separation of the extracts using a non-polar capillary column coated with (5%phenyl)-methylpolysiloxane.
MA samples from nine different batches were analyzed under optimized conditions. Compounds related to the structure of MA, such as benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, amphetamine, cis- and trans-1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylaziridine, dimethylamphetamine, and N-acetylephedrine, were detected in the chromatograms without any laborious extraction procedure. Compounds such as ethanol, diethyl ether, and acetic acid, which are considered reagents and solvents for MA synthesis, were also detected in some of the chromatograms. The numbers and intensities of the peaks detected were different among the samples. Impurity profiling of MA using TD was compared with that using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE). Better reproducibility of peak areas was obtained using LLE, whereas higher intensities and numbers of peaks were detected using TD. Solvents were extracted more effectively using TD. The nine batches of MA were classified using both extraction procedures. The nine batches were divided roughly into two groups using data from LLE. Subsequently, the groups were classified in detail using data from TD.
TD can be used to provide supplemental information for LLE, and the combination of these extraction methods can be helpful for impurity profiling of MA. |
Relation: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03790738 |
Type: | article (author version) |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/30141 |
Appears in Collections: | 生命科学院・先端生命科学研究院 (Graduate School of Life Science / Faculty of Advanced Life Science) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 加茂 直樹
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