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Nitrous oxide emissions and nitrogen cycling in managed grassland in Southern Hokkaido, Japan

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Title: Nitrous oxide emissions and nitrogen cycling in managed grassland in Southern Hokkaido, Japan
Authors: Shimizu, Mariko Browse this author
Marutani, Satoru Browse this author
Desyatkin, Alexey R. Browse this author
Jin, Tao Browse this author
Nakano, Kunihiko Browse this author
Hata, Hiroshi Browse this author
Hatano, Ryusuke Browse this author
Keywords: grassland
gross mineralization
manure
nitrogen surplus
nitrous oxide
Issue Date: Aug-2010
Publisher: Blackwell Publishing
Journal Title: Soil Science & Plant Nutrition
Volume: 56
Issue: 4
Start Page: 676
End Page: 688
Publisher DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0765.2010.00496.x
Abstract: Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions were measured and nitrogen (N) budgets were estimated for two years in the fertilizer, manure, control and bare plots established in a reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) grassland in Southern Hokkaido, Japan. In the manure plot, beef cattle manure with bark was applied at a rate of 43-44 Mg fresh matter (236-310 kg N) ha^[-1] year^[-1], and a supplement of chemical fertilizer was also added to equalize the application rate of mineral N to that in the fertilizer plots (164-184 kg N ha^[-1] year^[-1]). Grass was harvested twice per year. The total mineral N supply was estimated as the sum of the N deposition, chemical fertilizer application and gross mineralization of manure (GMm), soil (GMs), and root-litter (GMl). GMm, GMs and GMl were estimated by dividing the carbon dioxide production derived from the decomposition of soil organic matter, root-litter and manure by each C : N ratio (11.1 for soil, 15.5 for root-litter and 23.5 for manure). The N uptake in aboveground biomass for each growing season was equivalent to or greater than the external mineral N supply, which is composed of N deposition, chemical fertilizer application and GMm. However, there was a positive correlation between the N uptake in aboveground biomass and the total mineral N supply. It was assumed that 58% of the total mineral N supply was taken up by the grass. The N supply rates from soil and root-litter were estimated to be 331-384 kg N ha^[-1] year^[-1] and 94-165 kg N ha^[-1] year^[-1], respectively. These results indicated that the GMs and GMl also were significant inputs in the grassland N budget. The cumulative N2O flux for each season showed a significant positive correlation with mineral N surplus, which was calculated as the difference between the total mineral N supply and N uptake in aboveground biomass. The emission factor of N2O to mineral N surplus was estimated to be 1.2%. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis suggested that the N2O emission factor increased with an increase in precipitation. Consequently, soil and root-litter as well as chemical fertilizer and manure were found to be major sources of mineral N supply in the grassland, and an optimum balance between mineral N supply and N uptake is required for reducing N2O emission.
Rights: The definitive version is available at www.blackwellsynergy.com
Type: article (author version)
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/46870
Appears in Collections:農学院・農学研究院 (Graduate School of Agriculture / Faculty of Agriculture) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)

Submitter: 波多野 隆介

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