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Genotypic Variation of the Ability of Root to Penetrate Hard Soil Layers among Japanese Wheat Cultivars(Crop Physiology and Ecology)

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Title: Genotypic Variation of the Ability of Root to Penetrate Hard Soil Layers among Japanese Wheat Cultivars(Crop Physiology and Ecology)
Authors: Kubo, Katashi Browse this author
Yanagisawa, Akira Browse this author
Watanabe, Yoshiaki Browse this author
Terauchi, Takayoshi Browse this author
Jitsuyama, Yutaka Browse this author
Mikuma, Toshiya Browse this author
Iwama, kazuto Browse this author
Keywords: Breeding materials
Genetic variation
Hard soil
Penetrating ability of root
Screening
Soil compaction
Triticum aestivum L.
Wheat
Issue Date: Jan-2006
Publisher: 日本作物学会
Journal Title: Plant production science
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Start Page: 47
End Page: 55
Abstract: The hard soil in the field is a major constraint for the cereal production because it mechanically restricts the root expansion and water absorption. The ability of root to penetrate into the hard soil is an important factor affecting yield stability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under hard soil and drought conditions. We investigated the variation in the penetrating ability of roots (PA) among Japanese wheat cultivars and its relationship with other shoot and root characters to acquire basic information to develop the cultivars with a higher PA. The evaluation was conducted by the two experiments using the two groups of cultivars : 1) 43 Hokkaido cultivars in the first experiment, 2) 38 Honsyu, including Shikoku and Kyusyu, cultivars in the second experiment. In each experiment, one seedling of each cultivar was grown in a pot with a disc made of paraffin and Vaseline mixture (PV) as a substitute for the hard soil layer. The number of roots penetrating through the PV disc per plant (NRP), the number of seminal and crown roots reached the PV disc per plant (NRR) and the penetration index (PI=NRP/NRR) of each cultivar were evaluated as the traits related to PA. NRP significantly varied with the cultivar from 4.0 to 29.7 and 3.0 to 22.0 in the first and second experiments, respectively. NRP were significantly correlated with NRR (r=0.644 in the first and r=0.477 in the second experiment) and PI (r=0.863 in the first and r=0.811 in the second experiment), but the relationships between NRR and PI were not significant (r=0.260 in the first and r=0.190 in the second experiment). NRR was significantly correlated with the degree of winter growth habit (requirement of vernalization), root dry weight (DW) above the PV disc, the number of stems and leaf DW in each population. Correlations between PI and other characters were low or not significant. These results indicate that a large genotypic variation exists among Japanese wheat cultivars in NRP, and that PI is a suitable indicator of PA. Cultivars with a high PA detected in this study will be useful genetic resources of wheat to improve the yield stability under drought and hard soil conditions.
Type: article
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/47027
Appears in Collections:農学院・農学研究院 (Graduate School of Agriculture / Faculty of Agriculture) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)

Submitter: 岩間 和人

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