| Title: | A Simple and Rapid Method for Standard Preparation of Gas Phase Extract of Cigarette Smoke |
| Authors: | Higashi, Tsunehito Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Mai, Yosuke Browse this author |
| Noya, Yoichi Browse this author |
| Horinouchi, Takahiro Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Terada, Koji Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Hoshi, Akimasa Browse this author |
| Nepal, Prabha Browse this author |
| Harada, Takuya Browse this author |
| Horiguchi, Mika Browse this author |
| Hatate, Chizuru Browse this author |
| Kuge, Yuji Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Miwa, Soichi Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Issue Date: | 17-Sep-2014 |
| Publisher: | The Public Library of Science |
| Journal Title: | PLoS ONE |
| Volume: | 9 |
| Issue: | 9 |
| Start Page: | e107856 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0107856 |
| Abstract: | Cigarette smoke consists of tar and gas phase: the latter is toxicologically important because it can pass through lung alveolar epithelium to enter the circulation. Here we attempt to establish a standard method for preparation of gas phase extract of cigarette smoke (CSE). CSE was prepared by continuously sucking cigarette smoke through a Cambridge filter to remove tar, followed by bubbling it into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). An increase in dry weight of the filter was defined as tar weight. Characteristically, concentrations of CSEs were represented as virtual tar concentrations, assuming that tar on the filter was dissolved in PBS. CSEs prepared from smaller numbers of cigarettes (original tar concentrations <= 15 mg/ml) showed similar concentration-response curves for cytotoxicity versus virtual tar concentrations, but with CSEs from larger numbers (tar >= 20 mg/ml), the curves were shifted rightward. Accordingly, the cytotoxic activity was detected in PBS of the second reservoir downstream of the first one with larger numbers of cigarettes. CSEs prepared from various cigarette brands showed comparable concentration-response curves for cytotoxicity. Two types of CSEs prepared by continuous and puff smoking protocols were similar regarding concentration-response curves for cytotoxicity, pharmacology of their cytotoxicity, and concentrations of cytotoxic compounds. These data show that concentrations of CSEs expressed by virtual tar concentrations can be a reference value to normalize their cytotoxicity, irrespective of numbers of combusted cigarettes, cigarette brands and smoking protocols, if original tar concentrations are <= 15 mg/ml. |
| Rights: | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.ja |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/57344 |
| Appears in Collections: | 医学院・医学研究院 (Graduate School of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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