|
|
Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers >
Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine / Faculty of Veterinary Medicine >
Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc >
Podocyte Injury Caused by Indoxyl Sulfate, a Uremic Toxin and Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand
This item is licensed under:Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported
| Title: | Podocyte Injury Caused by Indoxyl Sulfate, a Uremic Toxin and Aryl-Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligand |
| Authors: | Ichii, Osamu Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Otsuka-Kanazawa, Saori Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Nakamura, Teppei Browse this author | | Ueno, Masaaki Browse this author | | Kon, Yasuhiro Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Chen, Weiping Browse this author | | Rosenberg, Avi Z. Browse this author | | Kopp, Jeffrey B. Browse this author |
| Issue Date: | 22-Sep-2014 |
| Publisher: | The Public Library of Science |
| Journal Title: | PLOS one |
| Volume: | 9 |
| Issue: | 9 |
| Start Page: | e108448 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0108448 |
| Abstract: | Indoxyl sulfate is a uremic toxin and a ligand of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a transcriptional regulator. Elevated serum indoxyl sulfate levels may contribute to progressive kidney disease and associated vascular disease. We asked whether indoxyl sulfate injures podocytes in vivo and in vitro. Mice exposed to indoxyl sulfate for 8 w exhibited prominent tubulointerstitial lesions with vascular damage. Indoxyl sulfate-exposed mice with microalbuminuria showed ischemic changes, while more severely affected mice showed increased mesangial matrix, segmental solidification, and mesangiolysis. In normal mouse kidneys, AhR was predominantly localized to the podocyte nuclei. In mice exposed to indoxyl sulfate for 2 h, isolated glomeruli manifested increased Cyp1a1 expression, indicating AhR activation. After 8 w of indoxyl sulfate, podocytes showed foot process effacement, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and a focal granular and wrinkled pattern of podocin and synaptopodin expression. Furthermore, vimentin and AhR expression in the glomerulus was increased in the indoxyl sulfate-exposed glomeruli compared to controls. Glomerular expression of characteristic podocyte mRNAs was decreased, including Actn4, Cd2ap, Myh9, Nphs1, Nphs2, Podxl, Synpo, and Wt1. In vitro, immortalized-mouse podocytes exhibited AhR nuclear translocation beginning 30 min after 1 mM indoxyl sulfate exposure, and there was increased phospho-Rac1/Cdc42 at 2 h. After exposure to indoxyl sulfate for 24 h, mouse podocytes exhibited a pro-inflammatory phenotype, perturbed actin cytoskeleton, decreased expression of podocyte-specific genes, and decreased cell viability. In immortalized human podocytes, indoxyl sulfate treatment caused cell injury, decreased mRNA expression of podocyte-specific proteins, as well as integrins, collagens, cytoskeletal proteins, and bone morphogenetic proteins, and increased cytokine and chemokine expression. We propose that basal levels of AhR activity regulate podocyte function under normal conditions, and that increased activation of podocyte AhR by indoxyl sulfate contributes to progressive glomerular injury. |
| Rights: | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/57665 |
| Appears in Collections: | 獣医学院・獣医学研究院 (Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine / Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
|
Submitter: 市居 修
|
