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博士 （環境科学） >
Long-term trends of coral cover in the Philippines : Trajectory, spatiotemporal patterns, and the efficacy of marine protected areas
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| Title: | Long-term trends of coral cover in the Philippines : Trajectory, spatiotemporal patterns, and the efficacy of marine protected areas |
| Other Titles: | フィリピンのサンゴ被度の長期トレンドに関する研究 |
| Authors: | Magdaong, Evangeline Tolentino Browse this author |
| Issue Date: | 25-Mar-2014 |
| Publisher: | Hokkaido University |
| Abstract: | Coral reefs are reportedly degrading worldwide due to combined local human impacts and global impacts of climate change. However, region-specific trends remain unclear. This study shows the long-term trends of coral cover in one of the most important regions for biodiversity. The Philippines, located in the tropics, has the highest diversity of reef species in the global center of marine biodiversity known as the Coral Triangle. This biodiversity ‘hot spot' has experienced reef degradation driven by intense anthropogenic pressures. This consequently led to the establishment of marine protected areas(MPAs) as a management and conservation strategy to arrest reef degradation in the country. This study examined the long-term trajectory and magnitude of coral cover change, spatiotemporal variability, and the role of marine protected areas in the Philippines. Percentage living hard coral cover was collated from existing studies and analyzed using quartile category and meta-analysis. Results based on quartile classification showed an increasing number of areas in “poor” condition (<25% coral cover) and a declining number of reefs in “excellent” condition (≥75% coral cover). On the other hand, meta-analysis showed coral cover increased at 1.3% yr-1 from 1981 to 2010. Protection against fishing contributed to the overall increase in coral cover as it significantly increased within MPAs than outside. However, coral cover change is independent of the level of protection, age and size of MPA. Chronic anthropogenic stress, thermal stress and the establishment of MPAs influence the temporal patterns of coral cover. Tubbataha reefs in Sulu Sea is most sensitive to positive thermal anomalies, while intense fishing is the dominant driver of coral cover loss in the Visayas region. This study shows that coral cover in the Philippines has increased for over three decades, remained stable outside MPAs and increased within MPAs. Regionally, coral cover improved in West Philippines Sea and Celebes Sea while at risk is Visayas region that warrants immediate conservation and effective fisheries management strategy to mitigate reef overexploitation. |
| Conffering University: | 北海道大学 |
| Degree Report Number: | 甲第11341号 |
| Degree Level: | 博士 |
| Degree Discipline: | 環境科学 |
| Examination Committee Members: | (主査) 准教授 藤井 賢彦, 教授 田中 俊逸, 教授 仲岡 雅裕, 准教授 石川 守, 室長 山野 博哉 （国立環境研究所） |
| Degree Affiliation: | 環境科学院（環境起学専攻） |
| Type: | theses (doctoral) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/58170 |
| Appears in Collections: | 学位論文 (Theses) > 博士 （環境科学）
課程博士 (Doctorate by way of Advanced Course) > 環境科学院(Graduate School of Environmental Science)
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