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The effect of ovariectomy on urethral continence mechanisms during sneeze reflex in middle-aged versus young adult rats
| Title: | The effect of ovariectomy on urethral continence mechanisms during sneeze reflex in middle-aged versus young adult rats |
| Authors: | Kitta, Takeya Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Yoshikawa, Satoru Browse this author | | Kawamorita, Naoki Browse this author | | de Groat, William C. Browse this author | | Nonomura, Katsuya Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Yoshimura, Naoki Browse this author |
| Keywords: | stress urinary incontinence | | ovariectomy | | sneeze | | rat | | apoptosis |
| Issue Date: | Jan-2016 |
| Publisher: | Wiley-Blackwell |
| Journal Title: | Neurourology and Urodynamics |
| Volume: | 35 |
| Issue: | 1 |
| Start Page: | 122 |
| End Page: | 127 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1002/nau.22690 |
| PMID: | 25358967 |
| Abstract: | Aims: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is common in post-menopausal women. The present study therefore examined how aging and estrogen deficiency induced by ovariectomy (OVX) affect the urethral continence mechanism that prevents sneeze-induced SUI in rats. Methods: Young (3 months old) and middle-aged (12 months old) female rats underwent bilateral OVX or sham operation. Urethral activity was measured by the amplitude of urethral responses during sneezing (A-URS) and urethral baseline pressure (UBP). Apoptotic changes in urethral tissue sections were examined by the TUNEL method. Results: In middle-aged rats, UBP, but not A-URS, was significantly decreased compared to young rats. In 3-week OVX rats, A-URS was significantly decreased compared to sham rats in both young and middle-aged groups, and the OVX-induced reduction in A-URS was more pronounced in middle-aged rats. Neither young 3-week OVX nor sham rats leaked during sneezing; however, SUI occurred in 2/8 middle-aged rats with 3-week OVX, and after 6 weeks of OVX, SUI was observed in 5/8 young rats and 6/8 middle-aged rats. In middle-aged rats, TUNEL positive cells were significantly increased in urethral striated muscles whereas, after OVX, the increased number of positive cells was also found in the mucosa. Conclusions: These results indicate that aging is more likely to impair baseline urethral function than striated muscle-mediated reflex activity although apoptotic changes are found in urethral striated muscle. Estrogen deficiency additionally impairs the striated muscle-mediated continence reflex. Thus, aging and estrogen deficiency differently and additively affect baseline urethral function and neurally-evoked, striated muscle-mediated urethral continence mechanisms to induce SUI. |
| Rights: | This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Neurourology and Urodynamics, Volume 35, Issue 1, pages 122–127, 2016, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nau.22690. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving. |
| Type: | article (author version) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/63973 |
| Appears in Collections: | 北海道大学病院 (Hokkaido University Hospital) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 橘田 岳也
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