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Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers >
Graduate School of Agriculture / Faculty of Agriculture >
Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc >
ニュージーランド北島ルアペフ火山の火山湖決壊によって発生したラハール
| Title: | ニュージーランド北島ルアペフ火山の火山湖決壊によって発生したラハール |
| Other Titles: | Ruapehu Crater Lake break-out lahar, North Island, New Zealand |
| Authors: | Manville, Vern Browse this author | | Graham, Leonard Browse this author | | Noel, Trustrum Browse this author | | 丸谷, 知己4 Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | 山田, 孝5 Browse this author | | 木村, 正信6 Browse this author | | 眞板, 秀二7 Browse this author |
| Authors(alt): | Marutani, Tomomi4 | | Yamada, Takashi5 | | Kimura, Masanobu6 | | Maita, Hideji7 |
| Keywords: | lahar (volcanic mudflow) | | Crater Lake break-out | | hyper-concentrated flow | | automatic lahar measuring equipment | | automatic monitoring camera |
| Issue Date: | Feb-2007 |
| Publisher: | 砂防学会 |
| Journal Title: | 砂防学会誌 |
| Volume: | 60 |
| Issue: | 2 |
| Start Page: | 59 |
| End Page: | 65 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.11475/sabo1973.60.2_59 |
| Abstract: | On 18 March 2007 the summit Crater Lake of Mt. Ruapehu, New Zealand, breached a barrier of tephra emplaced by eruptions in 1995-96, resulting in the rapid release of 1.3 million m3 of water. The flood rapidly bulked by entraining snow, ice, rock debris and alluvium along the steep gorge of the upper Whangaehu River to form a debris flow that then transformed downstream into a hyper-concentrated and then sediment-laden stream flow during its passage to the Tasman Sea 155 km away. No lives were lost and infrastructural damage was minimal due to a comprehensive warning system developed in the decade before the lahar. A previous break-out lahar in 1953 caused a railway disaster at Tangiwai with the loss of 151 lives. The lahar flowed as a multi-peaked debris flow in the Whangaehu gorge, 7 km downstream of Crater Lake. Automatic lahar measuring equipment, including water level gauges, flow velocity sensors, conductivity samplers and seismographs were installed at key sites along the flow path, and were supplemented by sequential photographs captured by automatic monitoring cameras and observer teams. Flow velocity averaged 30 km/hr and water level rose by 8.2 m in 4 minutes in the gorge. The lahar caused riverbed aggradation in many places and environmental disturbance to the channel regime. |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/67999 |
| Appears in Collections: | 農学院・農学研究院 (Graduate School of Agriculture / Faculty of Agriculture) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 丸谷 知己
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