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Age-dependent association between SARS-CoV-2 cases reported by passive surveillance and viral load in wastewater
Title: | Age-dependent association between SARS-CoV-2 cases reported by passive surveillance and viral load in wastewater |
Authors: | Omori, Ryosuke Browse this author →KAKEN DB | Miura, Fuminari Browse this author | Kitajima, Masaaki Browse this author |
Keywords: | SARS-CoV-2 | COVID-19 | Wastewater | Wastewater-based epidemiology | Mathematical modeling |
Issue Date: | 20-Oct-2021 |
Publisher: | Elsevier |
Journal Title: | Science of the total environment |
Volume: | 792 |
Start Page: | 148442 |
Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148442 |
Abstract: | The actual number of individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is difficult to estimate using a case-reporting system (i.e., passive surveillance) alone because of asymptomatic infection. While wastewater-based epidemiology has been implemented as an alternative/additional monitoring tool to reduce reporting bias, the relationship between passive and wastewater surveillance data has not yet been explicitly examined. As there is strong age dependency in the symptomatic ratio of SARS-CoV-2 infections, here, we aimed to estimate i) an age-dependent association between the number of reported cases and viral load in wastewater and ii) the time lag between these time series. The viral load in wastewater was modeled as a combination of contributions from virus shedding by different age groups, incorporating the delay, and fitted with daily case count data collected from the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in wastewater recorded by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. The estimated lag between the time series of viral loads in wastewater and of reported cases was 10.8 (95% confidence interval: 10.2-11.6) and 8.8 (8.4-9.1) days for the northern and southern areas of the wastewater treatment plant, respectively. The estimated contribution rate of a reported case to the viral load in wastewater in the 0-19 yr age group was 0.38 (0.35-0.41) and 0.40 (0.37-0.43) for the northern and southern areas, and that in the 80+ yr age group was 0.67 (0.65-0.69) and 0.51 (0.49-0.52) for the northern and southern areas, respectively. The estimated lag between these time series suggested the predictability of reported cases 10 days later using viral loads in wastewater. The contribution of a reported case in passive surveillance to the viral load in wastewater differed by age, suggesting a large variation in viral shedding kinetics among age groups. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
Type: | article |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/82883 |
Appears in Collections: | 人獣共通感染症国際共同研究所 (International Institute for Zoonosis Control) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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