| Title: | Current trends of blood lead levels, distribution patterns and exposure variations among household members in Kabwe, Zambia |
| Authors: | Yabe, John Browse this author |
| Nakayama, Shouta M. M. Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Nakata, Hokuto Browse this author |
| Toyomaki, Haruya Browse this author |
| Yohannes, Yared B. Browse this author |
| Muzandu, Kaampwe Browse this author |
| Kataba, Andrew Browse this author |
| Zyambo, Golden Browse this author |
| Hiwatari, Masato Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Narita, Daiju Browse this author |
| Yamada, Daichi Browse this author |
| Hangoma, Peter Browse this author |
| Munyinda, Nosiku Sipilanyambe Browse this author |
| Mufune, Tiza Browse this author |
| Ikenaka, Yoshinori Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Choongo, Kennedy Browse this author |
| Ishizuka, Mayumi Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | Childhood lead poisoning |
| LeadCare II analyser |
| Pb exposure differences |
| Kabwe |
| Issue Date: | 1-Mar-2020 |
| Publisher: | Elsevier |
| Journal Title: | Chemosphere |
| Volume: | 243 |
| Start Page: | UNSP 125412 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125412 |
| Abstract: | Childhood lead (Pb) poisoning has devastating effects on neurodevelopment and causes overt clinical signs including convulsions and coma. Health effects including hypertension and various reproductive problems have been reported in adults. Historical Pb mining in Zambia's Kabwe town left a legacy of environmental pollution and childhood Pb poisoning. The current study aimed at establishing the extent of Pb poisoning and exposure differences among family members in Kabwe as well as determining populations at risk and identify children eligible for chelation therapy. Blood samples were collected in July and August 2017 from 1190 household members and Pb was measured using a portable LeadCare-II analyser. Participants included 291 younger children (3-months to 3-years-old), 271 older children (4-9-years-old), 412 mothers and 216 fathers from 13 townships with diverse levels of Pb contamination. The Blood Lead Levels (BLL) ranged from 1.65 to 162 mu g/dL, with residents from Kasanda (mean 45.7 mu g/dL) recording the highest BLL while Hamududu residents recorded the lowest (mean 3.3 mu g/dL). Of the total number of children sampled (n = 562), 23% exceeded the 45 mu g/dL, the threshold required for chelation therapy. A few children (5) exceeded the 100 mu g/dL whereas none of the parents exceeded the 100 mu g/dL value. Children had higher BLL than parents, with peak BLL-recorded at the age of 2-years-old. Lead exposure differences in Kabwe were attributed to distance and direction from the mine, with younger children at highest risk. Exposure levels in parents were equally alarming. For prompt diagnosis and treatment, a portable point-of-care devise such as a LeadCare-II would be preferable in Kabwe. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
| Rights: | ©2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
| Type: | article (author version) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/84250 |
| Appears in Collections: | 獣医学院・獣医学研究院 (Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine / Faculty of Veterinary Medicine) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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