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Inactivated Whole Virus Particle Influenza Vaccine Induces Anti-Neuraminidase Antibodies That May Contribute to Cross-Protection against Heterologous Virus Infection

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Title: Inactivated Whole Virus Particle Influenza Vaccine Induces Anti-Neuraminidase Antibodies That May Contribute to Cross-Protection against Heterologous Virus Infection
Authors: Handabile, Chimuka Browse this author
Sekiya, Toshiki Browse this author
Nomura, Naoki Browse this author
Ohno, Marumi Browse this author
Kawakita, Tomomi Browse this author
Shingai, Masashi Browse this author
Kida, Hiroshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB
Keywords: inactivated whole virus particle influenza vaccine
anti-neuraminidase antibodies
cross-protection
Issue Date: May-2022
Publisher: MDPI
Journal Title: Vaccines
Volume: 10
Issue: 5
Start Page: 804
Publisher DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10050804
Abstract: Despite the use of vaccines, seasonal influenza remains a risk to public health. We previously proposed the inactivated whole virus particle vaccine (WPV) as an alternative to the widely used split vaccine (SV) for the control of seasonal and pandemic influenza based on the superior priming potency of WPV to that of SV. In this study, we further examined and compared the immunological potency of monovalent WPV and SV of A/California/7/2009 (X-179A) (H1N1) pdm09 (CA/09) to generate immune responses against heterologous viruses, A/Singapore/GP1908/2015 (IVR-180) (H1N1) pdm09 (SG/15), and A/duck/Hokkaido/Vac-3/2007 (H5N1) (DH/07) in mice. Following challenge with a lethal dose of heterologous SG/15, lower virus titer in the lungs and milder weight loss were observed in WPV-vaccinated mice than in SV-vaccinated ones. To investigate the factors responsible for the differences in the protective effect against SG/15, the sera of vaccinated mice were analyzed by hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and neuraminidase-inhibition (NI) assays to evaluate the antibodies induced against viral hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), respectively. While the two vaccines induced similar levels of HI antibodies against SG/15 after the second vaccination, only WPV-vaccinated mice induced significantly higher titers of NI antibodies against the strain. Furthermore, given the significant elevation of NI antibody titers against DH/07, an H5N1 avian influenza virus, WPV was also demonstrated to induce NA-inhibiting antibodies that recognize NA of divergent strains. This could be explained by the higher conservation of epitopes of NA among strains than for HA. Taking these findings together, NA-specific antibodies induced by WPV may have contributed to better protection from infection with heterologous influenza virus SG/15, compared with SV. The present results indicate that WPV is an effective vaccine for inducing antibodies against both HA and NA of heterologous viruses and may be a useful vaccine to conquer vaccine strain mismatch.
Type: article
URI: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/86165
Appears in Collections:人獣共通感染症国際共同研究所 (International Institute for Zoonosis Control) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)

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