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Contributions of the Large-Scale Environment to the Typhoon Genesis of Faxai (2019)
| Title: | Contributions of the Large-Scale Environment to the Typhoon Genesis of Faxai (2019) |
| Authors: | Fudeyasu, Hironori Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Shimada, Udai Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Oikawa, Yoshinori Browse this author | | Eito, Hisaki Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Wada, Akiyoshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Yoshida, Ryuji Browse this author →KAKEN DB | | Horinouchi, Takeshi Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Keywords: | typhoon genesis | | easterly waves | | vertical wind shear | | upper cold low |
| Issue Date: | Aug-2022 |
| Publisher: | 公益社団法人 日本気象学会 (Meteorological society of Japan) |
| Journal Title: | Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan |
| Volume: | 100 |
| Issue: | 4 |
| Start Page: | 617 |
| End Page: | 630 |
| Publisher DOI: | 10.2151/jmsj.2022-031 |
| Abstract: | This study investigated the atmospheric and oceanic contributions to the genesis of Typhoon Faxai in 2019. Our statistical analysis using the tropical cyclone genesis score (TGS) attributed the tropical disturbance that developed into Faxai (Pre-Faxai) to easterly waves (EWs). The EW score evaluated by a grid version of the TGS (Grid-EW) averaged around the occurrence of Pre-Faxai was approximately twice as large as the climatological mean, and it was the second largest value in the past 38 years. The Pre-Faxai area with high Grid-EW scores could be traced back to the eastern North Pacific (ENP) around August 25, 2019. The lower-troposphere environment characterized by high Grid-EW scores was favorable for vortex formation because it provided a containment area for moisture entrained by the developing circulation or lofted by the deep convection therein. The Pre-Faxai area with high Grid-EW scores moved westward due to the background easterly flow over the ENP and then entered the western North Pacific (WNP). The Typhoon Intensity Forecast Scheme (TIFS) showed that the important environments for its genesis were ocean conditions and the vertical wind shear. The oceanic conditions contributed to the development of Pre-Faxai as it traveled over the WNP. The enhancement of vertical wind shear and subsequent suppression of the development of Pre-Faxai were caused by the lower-troposphere easterly winds associated with high EW scores. They were also caused by upper-troposphere westerly winds associated with an upper cold low northwest of Pre-Faxai. When the vertical shear decreased with weakening of the upper cold low, Pre-Faxai reached tropical storm intensity on September 4. Therefore, TGS and TIFS detected Pre-Faxai 10 days before the typhoon arose, which indicates that monitoring environmental factors such as EW and vertical wind shear are important for disaster prevention. |
| Type: | article |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/88499 |
| Appears in Collections: | 環境科学院・地球環境科学研究院 (Graduate School of Environmental Science / Faculty of Environmental Earth Science) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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