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Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers >
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外集団脅威への適応心理メカニズムにおける性差研究 : 男性の暴力脅威，女性の病気脅威
| Title: | 外集団脅威への適応心理メカニズムにおける性差研究 : 男性の暴力脅威，女性の病気脅威 |
| Other Titles: | Sex differences in adaptive psychological mechanisms against outgroup threat : "Interference threat" elicits males' discrimination, while "contamination threat" elicits female's discrimination |
| Authors: | 横田, 晋大1 Browse this author | | 結城, 雅樹2 Browse this author →KAKEN DB |
| Authors(alt): | Yokota, Kunihiro1 | | Yuki, Masaki2 |
| Keywords: | 外集団脅威 | | 差別行動 | | 適応論 | | 性差 | | intergroup threat | | discrimination | | evolutionary perspective | | sex difference |
| Issue Date: | 31-Mar-2010 |
| Publisher: | 北海道心理学会 |
| Journal Title: | 北海道心理学研究 |
| Volume: | 33 |
| Start Page: | 11 |
| End Page: | 26 |
| Abstract: | 近年，適応論に基づく研究において，人が様々な種類の外集団からの脅威に対抗するために，脅威の種類に応じた多様な心理メカニズムと行動傾向を持つ可能性に注目が集まっている。本研究では，外集団脅威への適応心理メカニズムの性差を検討した。男性には，外集団からの資源の強奪や暴力 (“妨害脅威”) に対抗するための心理メカニズムが，女性には，外集団から未知の病原体の感染 (“感染脅威”) に対抗するための心理メカニズムが備わっているという仮説を立て，実験室実験にて検証した。大学生166名が参加し，事前に外集団脅威の状況手がかりの有無と種類（妨害vs. 感染）を操作した後，最小条件集団状況で報酬分配課題を行った。その結果，予測通り，妨害脅威条件では男性でのみ，感染脅威条件では女性のみで差別行動が見られた。しかし，予測と異なり，脅威の手がかりが存在しない統制条件においても，男性の差別行動が見られた。 | | Based in evolutionary theory, previous studies have focused on psychological mechanisms which evoke qualitatively distinct behavior in response to different types of intergroup threat. In this study, we investigated sex differences in the mechanisms geared toward coping with diverse intergroup threat. We posit that male-specific psychological mechanisms are evolved to generate outgroup discrimination in order to protect the ingroup’s resources and safety from outgroup interference. On the other hand, female-specific psychological mechanisms which generate discrimination toward outgroups are theorized to have evolved to protect against contamination from pathogens. To test this idea, 166 (82 females, 84 males) Japanese participants were assigned to one of three group conditions in a minimal group paradigm. Participants in the experimental condition were primed with “interference threat” or “contamination threat” by performing a noun search task in a between factorial design. Participants in the control condition received a neutral prime. The results showed, as predicted, that in the interference condition, only males showed discrimination, while females, but not males, showed discrimination in the contamination threat condition. Unexpectedly, however, males also showed discrimination in the control condition. |
| Type: | article (author version) |
| URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/2115/44996 |
| Appears in Collections: | 文学院・文学研究院 (Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences / Faculty of Humanities and Human Sciences) > 雑誌発表論文等 (Peer-reviewed Journal Articles, etc)
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Submitter: 結城 雅樹
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